Geologic hazard project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Geologic hazard project - Essay Example Earthquakes are not isolated events as they occur in sequences. Most often, each series is dominated by an event with a larger magnitude than all others in the sequence. Smaller earthquakes and aftershocks may follow the main shock, sometimes several hours, months, or even several years later. Earthquakes are inevitable in many parts throughout the world. It can damage the infrastructure. It causes ground shaking, ground displacement, flooding and fire that can cause great damage to the people of the region affected. For example, when an earthquake occurred in the state of Washington, more than a billion dollars worth of buildings got destroyed. Roads and bridges in the region affected became inaccessible, water pressure fail and gas lines break and leak leading to fires spread that causes severe damage. Earthquakes cause Water level in the sea to rise suddenly, causing very high waves, several meters in height, which then flood the coastal areas. These possibly give rise to tsunamis, causing damage to coastal areas (Ammon). It is important to have earthquake knowledge and learn about how to minimize its effects. Its preparedness can reduce the number of the casualties, and the value of the properties destroyed. To understand earthquakes allows saving lives and to reduce damages, injuries. It also allows to build buildings more earthquakes resistant and find the locations that are more prone to earthquake. Earthquakes have been recorded throughout history for many years. Even before seismographs in early times, there are a record of mysterious ground shaking. It occurs when rocks break along an underground fault. The ground shaking causes vibrations through the earth. The magnitude of the shaking varies on how great the movement along the fault is. When plates shift, they create shockwaves that go through the earth.The shock

Theme of outsiders Essay Example for Free

Theme of outsiders Essay Probably the first indication of the theme of outsiders is the arrival of heathcliff to Wuthering heights as a child. Old Mr. Earnshaw returns to his family from a trip to Liverpool with the child as a gift from god but the more liked observation is the childrens remark of him as a gipsy brat and a dirty ragged black-haired child. Catherine and Hindley immediately dislike the outsider mainly because the presents which their father had promised had been either crushed or lost on the way home . Mrs. earshaw too is appalled at the idea of having to feed him and clothe him as well. He is considered an outsider more than any other character in the novel because, well because he is! , metaphorically and literally. He is then reduced to the status of a servant or in other words he has been turned into a pariah-an outcast, when Earnshaw died and passed Wuthering heights to Hindley. He drove him from their company to the servants, depriving him of the instructions of the curate, and insisted that he should labour out of doors instead. When heathcliff and Cathy were caught at Thrushcross Grange , laughing at the lintons they were both considered social outsiders to Thrushcross Grange, even though Cathy isnt, they two together were because they were foreigners. The residents launched a bull dog at the pair which is the ultimate sign of unwelcomeness and inhospitability. Heathcliff was accused of being a theif almost instantaneously for the way he looks, which was an out-and-outer. The role of the outsider should not be overlooked because the setting of Wuthering Heights is one of complete isolation. The moors connecting Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange serve a double purpose linking the two households while still separating them from the village and all others. This isolated setting is important for Brontes combination of realism and gothic symbolism. Living beyond the bounds of society means that the outsider, whoever it may be is seen as a suspicious and threatening entity, someone who has to be excluded or isolated for the good of the society at . this is an example of how the outsider has now become the enemy and a threat to society and yet still occupies a position of vulnerability. Isolation is a concept of utter importance in all gothic novels and is closely linked to the idea of the outsider. This is very easy to see in novels such as Dracula with the secluded castle on the mountain tops or Frankenstein in the far end of the arctic. And so Bronte is actually forced to use this symbolism and create a desolate world for her characters . This is also an indication of how Bronte was brought up, in Emilys whole life the only places she favoured to go to were her the moors and her home, Emilys isolation and unsociability also affected her story. The setting of the novel is only limited to two dwellings Wuthering heights and Thrushcross grange and moors around them and the only nearby village is gimmerton which is rather far from both dwellings. Lockwoods first impression of the place is in all England, I do not believe that I could have fixed on a situation so completely removed from the stir of society this indicates the extent to which Wuthering heights stands alone and isolated this is somewhat symbolic for it distances the cruel, barbarous and bizarrely excessive events from everyday life. It also shows the helplessness of the victims of these events and their defenselessness since it is very difficult to get help. One of the most outspoken and clearly proving-its-existence quotes is we dont in general take to foreigners here, Mr. Lockwood, unless they take to us first this shows that outsiders are definitely unwelcomed guests and are only to be approved of after they can be trusted and even after they have been taken into guardianship (for example young Heathcliff, Hareton and Linton) they can still be prejudiced and treated infernally. The second example of an outsider in Wuthering heights (after Heathcliff) is of course Isabella linton she has been taken out of her home at thrushcross grange and moved to the outsider status in Wuthering heights she writes (to nelly dean) youll not be surprised ,Ellen, at my feeling particularly cheerless, seated in worse than solitude, on that inhospitable hearth . Isabella also becomes an outsider to her own brother, Edgar as soon as she elopes with Heathcliff and bears his child. She is left homeless since the residents of her new home treat her as an unwelcomed guest and her brother wont take to her either Hereafter she is only my sister in name; not because I disown her, but because she has disowned me. . This can be seen from another point of view, Isabella has become an outsider simpy because she has married one. The third and final example is of course, Hareton linton he has been born into a house lacking of love or any feeling to nurture him into growing up into a healthy young man, but he is then introduced to Catherine who rather tames him in a way and bringing his illiterate, ignorant self to an end. He is turned into an outsider ever since he was taken under Heathcliffs care, or in this case lack of it. Heathcliff degrades hareton and puts him into the same treatment he has been through (which led him to become an outsider in the past). Hareton lacked education and gentleness and in one instance Heathcliff had to remind him how to act when catherine first visited Dont use any bad words; and dont stare, when the young lady is not looking at you, and be ready to turn your face when she is. The theme of outsiders is also existant in the color purple in many characters. First and foremost Celie she is an outsider in every aspect. When she is at home with her pa being raped and enslaved into working hard and still keeping quite and not fight back whatever happens to her. She is also an outsider to her own self she does not know who she is (I am) and does not understand her body, she becomes an outsider to her 2 children and does not get to know them and hence they become outsiders. Mr____ tries to define her being you black, you pore, you ugly, you a woman. Goddam, you nothing at all but fails since his description is merely superficial but still has a big affect on celies development. Another social outsider in the color purple is of course Shug Avery, in the beginning of the novel she was discriminated against for being well, a slut, hussy, heifer and street cleaner of course people did not consider that as a life choice because of the platitude people at that time had for the role of women especially black women. When Shug Avery became sick nobody in this town wants to take the Queen Honeybee in. Everyone is afraid of her because they believe that Shug has the nasty woman disease. The olinka people are made to be outsiders to the whites that own the land, but have very different lifestyle which cause them to be unwanted. Tashi did not want to marry Adam because she feared she would be discriminated against in America because of the different way she looks and because she is an outsider again both metaphorically and literally.

A Budget Airline In Hong Kong

A Budget Airline In Hong Kong Budget airlines have become a trend in aviation industry over a few decades all over the world, however, as a Asian cosmopolitan city- Hong Kong hasnt have one yet, therefore a research need to be set up to explore on its feasibility. This project proposal aims to assist to accomplish a research by developing a plan beforehand. Firstly, the background of budget airlines and problem statement would be stated out, then a literature review would be carried out in order to find out its research value, after that, the research aim and objectives could be set up as a research goal, last but not least, research method and project plan could be discussed on how, where and when to carry out this research. 2. Background/ problem statement: Before Deregulation: In the United State before 1978, all airline passenger services were regulated and controlled by the Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB). Only 10 trunk airlines were authorized to issue a grandfather certificate by CAB at that time. Underneath this certificate, all major scheduled airlines route structures and fares were controlled and ruled. For an airlines route structure, stops and intermediate stops were specified and passengers carrying between stops were limited, a new promoted route needed to go through a lengthy procedure and hearings, even a stoppage of a route service was still needed the CABs approval. For an airlines fare, all fare prices were strictly controlled by the CAB. (John Clinton, 1984) After Deregulation: After passing the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978, CAB no longer had an absolute authority on an airlines entry, exit, routes and fares. Airlines were given freedom on setting up their own fares within a wide range, route applicant would be submitted and passed easily without any restriction when it performed air transportation properly. (John Clinton, 1984) First Successful budget airline: In 1967, the first successful budget airline was born and started its business in Texas in America, it named itself as Southwest Airlines (SWA). The company began when the US market was deregulated. Its successful model had been influencing a lot of other following budget airlines. It provides low-cost, high rate of short haul flying and this made itself maintain a most profitable airline through years. (Peter, David, Gillen, Otto and Hans, 2005) What is Budget Airline? A low-cost carrier or low-cost airline (also known as a no-frills, discount or budget carrier or airline) is an airline that generally has lower fares and fewer comforts. To make up for revenue lost in decreased ticket prices, the airline may charge for extras like food, priority boarding, seat allocating, and baggage etc. Todays budget airline: Nowadays, the value for money is a great emphasis placed by travelers. They are willing to buy cheaper tickets to trade off some other aspect such as leg room during flight. However, to determine whether a budget airline can survive and drive down the cost, it mainly depends on government and major airports will to open up the skies. Therefore, different areas are in different cases, but every consumer loves a low price ticket and somehow the developments are very similar in nature and continue in varied ways. As in US, budget airlines have dominated the market as travelers are price driven; in Europe, more local airports are needed to be opened up to let more budget airlines to fly in; in Asia, there are more opportunities to expand the whole market but the path is not easy, since the market is still dominated by the national flag carriers. Besides, they are also supported by the cargo business. (Scott Lee, 2004) Problems Statement: As we can see, budget airlines business not only become a trend over the globe, but also bring out more travelers and so to extend the economy of our own country or region, however, there is no budget airline at all currently in Hong Kong, what are the reasons? Few years ago there was once a low cost carrier- Hong Kong Oasis airway which offered long haul low fare was bankrupted after 18 months of operation, why would that happen? An Malaysian budget airline- Air Asia already developed its third home base in Thailand, meanwhile, there still arent any budget airlines setting up in Hong Kong as a home base, why? What are the success factors for a budget airline to develop? Is there feasibility for a budget airline to set up and form a home base in Hong Kong? 3. Literature Review: 3.1.Business strategy of Budget Airline: Markus (2005) once said The business strategy of these low cost airlines to save costs is to offer no frills, have fast turn-rounds, use only a single-type fleet of planes, and to fly mainly to cheap secondary airportsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦..They also save a huge amount of administration costs by only accepting credit card payments and thus reducing the paperwork to a minimum (Markus, p.269, 2005) In other word, they minimize their cost in management, aircraft maintenance, crew training, landing fee, parking fee, administration work, etc. Any additional cost, they will stay in the air ticket and let the passenger pay for it. This would rise out a question, would the passengers in Hong Kong be willing to pay for a low cost just to get to a destination or a high price to buy a good quality of service? Budget airline is a trend? Start from the next two years as announcing in late May, the Singapore airline would establish a subsidiary-a no frill, low cost airline, using wide body aircrafts to serve medium to long haul routes. According to the company after years of markets of extensive review and analysis, they have to admit that there is a large growing demand for low fare travel. The low fare airlines assist to stimulate the growing demand of travel. The company wants to launch this service to push its single-digit growth to a double-digit growth as this low fare market is growing hugely. (Govindasamy, 2011) This has showed us which the low fare air travel market is growing and even an Asian state-owned conventional airline want to join in to gain share, therefore there is lots of room for more new budget airlines to be set up and serve the demand. Budget airline comparing with conventional airline over the globe: Graham Dunn (2011) state in the airline magazine, Data from four years of the Airline Business low-cost carrier and world airline ranking surveys shows that while the 10 largest network carriers were highly profitable in 2006 and 2007, seven lost money in 2008 and eight were in the red in 2009 at an operating level. Contrast this with the top 10 lost-cost carriers- only two lost money in 2009, three in 2008 and one apieve in 2007 and 2006. In this case as we know, during the economic crisis between 2008 and 2009, we can see that the low cost carrier is on a steady growth and earn money, but the conventional airlines are greatly affected. In fact, the magazine also shows that the budget airlines are growing at a double-digit development around the USA and Europe, and there are still more room for them to rise. In South East Asia, the larger low-cost carriers already expand beneath their home market and set up more home base in other country around the region as there has been a great demand for cheap air travel, such as Airasia has also set up a home base in Indonesia and Thailand beyond Malaysia. (Graham Dunn ,2011) Therefore, even Hong Kong set up a budget airline, there are still lots of other competitors around the region, and can it survive? The Background and Success of Air Asia and the Asia region: Apparently in the 21st century, if the more preferable demography and economic trend persist, Asia would be well focused by the whole world, in other words, more people would be willing to travel in and out of Asia by plane for business and leisure. (Joseph, 2011) Air Asia now is one of the largest low cost carriers in South East Asia. It used to be built up by the Malaysia government from 1993 and started its own operation as a flag conventional airline in 1996, however, within those five years, it was a cracked airline which only have two Boeing 747, 250 staffs, four destination and a debt of $11 million. But in 2001, it was bought by Tune air and turned it and re-launched as a low cost carrier, then it start to become a profitable business. In 2007, Air Asia X was set and launched as a low cost long haul carrier which flies to Europe and Australia. Currently, the whole Air Asia Group has owned 102 aircrafts, flies 150 routes and 68 destinations, it has been still continuing to expand its fleet and market share. In the past two year, it has already accomplished a Double-digit capacity growth. Certainly, there are some advantages that it already fully take, such as low-price labor, a helpful economical hub at Kuala Lumpur. (Joseph, 2011) In this case, are there any success factors we can learn from and use in Hong Kong? The Background and failure of Oasis Hong Kong airway: Oasis Hong Kong airline claimed to be the first long haul low cost airline based in Hong Kong, Reverend Raymond Lee led a starting capital of $100 million with several Hong Kong investors. It began its operation and launch to serve passengers from October 2006, but after 18 months of operation, it halted all operation and collapsed as financial liquidation. It used to own 4 Boeing 747 and flew two routes, and three destinations: Hong Kong, Vancouver and London. During the operation period of time, the price of jet fuel has jumped from $600 a tonne when Oasis started flying to a current level of around $1,137 a tonne. Besides, the company did not run as an short haul, no service model but provide a full service such as inflight meal and entertainment. (Robin, 2008) In this case, a rise of jet fuel price can push a company to fall, are there any other critical threats which exist? Or the whole Hong Kong aviation environment is not suitable for an budget airline to exist? Disadvantages and advantages of budget airlines: For traveling with budget airline, there are also some disadvantages that you may want to take account for, such as you may only have a limited meal with probably peanuts at all for the whole flight, you may not choose your own seat, they have less flexibility which you cant cancel your flight or get a refund, any extra checked bags will be charged, they often land on remote airports with no bus connection and they are usually booked through internet. (Shewanda, 2011) However, there are also some advantages you may want to consider, such as the fare with budget airline is relatively small which you can save the money for other things, they often fly to more locations and smaller cities that you may interest, and as money are saved, thus more travels will be encouraged and more people can afford it. (Jennifer, 2011) Therefore, when the Hong Kong customers compare the advantages and disadvantages of budget airlines, will they still choose budget airline? What is the low fare travel market like in Hong Kong? Challenges and Background of the local dominant airline in Hong Kong: The company began in 1946. It was found by two world-war 2 pilots. They first flew to carry passenger to Manila, Bangkok, Singapore and Shanghai. However in 1948, some of the shares was bought by a UK company, Butterfield Swire (today known as the Swire Group) which took a 45% share. Therefore John Kidston Swire took the leadership work; Butterfield Swire became wholly responsible for the management of the airline. And then it has been expanding through time. In 1998, the Cathay City was built, and in 2006, the dragon air was bought to be involved in Cathay Pacific Group. Right now it owns 128 aircrafts and has ordered more than 100 aircrafts. Its route has covered more than 150 destinations in 41 countries. It ranks as the worlds 2nd most profitable airline by net profit and the 7th largest airline in the world by operating profit. Its staffs number is 19,850 worldwide. (From Cathay Pacifics Website) In this case, its customers do not only include leisure and business travelers but also the regional people. If a budget airline was being set up, this airline would be the biggest local competitor. Potential low cost carrier that will be set in Hong Kong: There will be two potential budget airlines setting up in Hong Kong- the Hong Kong express and the Jetstar subsidiary. The Hong Kong Express will transform to a low cost carrier in Jul-2012 or Aug-2012, operating under its new low-cost model to cities in mainland China, South Korea, Japan and Southeast Asia. As a Foreign budget airline- Jetstar is also looking forward to establishing a subsidiary in Hong Kong, it may try to co-operate with Hong Kong Airline. (CAPA, 2011) This case has showed us that many companies are interested in developing a low cost carrier in Hong Kong, therefore in other words, there is feasibility for Hong Kong to set up an low cost carrier. 4. Aim: Through analyzing all the data collected to determine whether it is possible to set up an budget airline in Hong Kong or not. 5. Objectives: To explore the background information and business model of budget airline To explore the operation, cost structure, strategy of low cost carrier in Asia To carry out a case study: the success story of Airasia and the failure story of Oasis To set up a survey to ask about Hong Kong frequent flyers expectations on budget airlines services To calculate all operating cost and expense to run this business To compare the price of flying with an existing conventional airline with a hypothetical budget airline to find out the feasibility 6. Research method: For this research, I will use the inductive method approach, because my aim is explore the feasibility to set up an successful budget airline which could last for a long time in Hong Kong through observing variety of data such as budget airline business model, cost structure, government policy and so to analyze and find out the answers for it. And I will select the survey strategy for gaining Hong Kong peoples opinion of service they wish to add in without any additional cost for a budget airline service in order to calculate the operating cost of an hypothetical budget airline and so to set up the best price of a fare to equalize the cost. Then I will pick the memo-method as my unique data collection method, and carry out the cross-sectional study as the data would give me the result. For data collection, I will use questionnaire and the interview. 6.1 Questionnaire For the Questionnaire, I plan to interview 50 people, they are mostly business travelers and leisure travelers, I will approach them through my friends who are frequent flyers. 6.2 Interview: For individual interview, I hope that I can make an appointment with some of the staffs who work as an airline accountant and inside the airport authority, and gain financial information of running an airline company. 7. Project Plan: I would like to spend half a year to complete my project. Here is my work breakdown structure:

The Importance of Geography in The Killer Angels Essay -- Killer Angel

The Importance of Geography in The Killer Angels      Ã‚   War is a complicated event.   Many different factors are considered in the strategic planning during a war.   The number of troops, ammunition supplies, and the lay of the land are just three of the considerations that must be given when fighting a battle.   Such considerations were made during the Civil War Battle of Gettysburg.   In The Killer Angels by Michael Shaara, Shaara uses geography throughout his recounting of the event.   His use of geography is seen in his descriptions of the people involved, his description of the climate, and his superb outlining of the natural landscape.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the novel, Shaara begins by describing the Armies.   On the side of the South is the Army of Northern Virginia, led by Robert E. Lee.   This army is composed of 70 thousand men who are volunteers and rebels.   They are within a certain culture.   The men of this army share   not only a common language and religion, but they also share the same customs.   Most of the men are Anglo-Saxon and Protestant.   Their language is English.   Most of all, this army is fighting for a mutual cause which is disunion.   Victorious is the feeling among these men.   Wholeheartedly, the men of the Army of Northern Virginia believe that they can defeat the Army of the Potomac.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Army of the Potomac differs greatly in composition than the South's army.   Although they have a common goal, to defeat the Southerners, the men who make up this army have little else in common.   They are led by Major General George Meade.   Most of these 80,000 men are volunteers.   Language barriers exist within this group.   Also, a shared religion does not exist.   Unlike the Army of Northe... ... Northern Virginia, they have to move into open spaces and climb hilly and rocky terrain.   Obviously, Shaara's use of geography is apparent in his outlining of the events at the Battle of Gettysburg.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In conclusion, Michael Shaara vividly recounts the Battle of Gettysburg.   Throughout his novel, The Killer Angels, Shaara's use of geography allows the reader to understand the people, feel the climate of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, and relive the action as it unfolds.   Strategic plans are made by the Army of Northern Virginia, but in this battle the natural landscape is too cumbersome.   Victorious is the Army of the Potomac.   Thanks to its near perfect view. Works Cited Shaara, Michael.   The Killer Angels. New York: Ballantine, 1975.    Maps Maps of Day 1, Day 2, and Day 3 www.militaryhistoryonline.com/gettysburg   

Globalizing Armenia essay

Nowadays globalization is becoming more and more popular. It allows us to meet and experience different cultures, societies, technologies and many other things. It helps different countries to exchange useful information. Globalization just unites people from all over the world. In the n present age globalization has also a great influence on Armenia, which can be seen from our cultural changes, educational changes and religious changes. Globalization allows us to experience different cultures in our country. Many foreign countries have spread their culture, lifestyle in Armenia.First example of these can be the mobile phones we use. They may have been created in China or Japan, but here we use them. Second example can be the cars we use on our streets, which may have been also created in foreign countries. Third can be American culture, which has been spread here through famous American companies such as Coca cola, McDonalds and so on. All we can do is accept cultural changes, which help us to live more comfortable. In Armenia globalization has also affected on our education. Today better and more advanced methods of education have spread in Armenia through globalization.First can be Bologna system, which is used by some Universities in Armenia. Second is learning English language, which makes easier to communicate with foreigners, because English is spoken in almost every country and everybody understand it. Globalization helps us to expand our teaching and learning experience. Today globalization has also a great influence on religion. Now many new religions and religious groups have spread in our country. A result of religious globalization can be different sects, which have been spread here from Europe and are protesting against a church.Globalization needs to be more widely understood by people, especially some of its aspects, which have negative results for our society. So globalization plays an important role in our life. It interferes with culture, edu cation, religion and so on. Globalization helps us to learn more about different countries, their culture and lifestyle. It helps us to expand our knowledge and to live more comfortable and peaceful. Globalization also helps people to create new things but it`s very important to maintain our national values, identity and personality. Globalizing Armenia essay Nowadays globalization is becoming more and more popular. It allows us to meet and experience different cultures, societies, technologies and many other things. It helps different countries to exchange useful information. Globalization just unites people from all over the world. In the n present age globalization has also a great influence on Armenia, which can be seen from our cultural changes, educational changes and religious changes. Globalization allows us to experience different cultures in our country. Many foreign countries have spread their culture, lifestyle in Armenia.First example of these can be the mobile phones we use. They may have been created in China or Japan, but here we use them. Second example can be the cars we use on our streets, which may have been also created in foreign countries. Third can be American culture, which has been spread here through famous American companies such as Coca cola, McDonalds and so on. All we can do is accept cultural changes, which help us to live more comfortable. In Armenia globalization has also affected on our education. Today better and more advanced methods of education have spread in Armenia through globalization.First can be Bologna system, which is used by some Universities in Armenia. Second is learning English language, which makes easier to communicate with foreigners, because English is spoken in almost every country and everybody understand it. Globalization helps us to expand our teaching and learning experience. Today globalization has also a great influence on religion. Now many new religions and religious groups have spread in our country. A result of religious globalization can be different sects, which have been spread here from Europe and are protesting against a church.Globalization needs to be more widely understood by people, especially some of its aspects, which have negative results for our society. So globalization plays an important role in our life. It interferes with culture, edu cation, religion and so on. Globalization helps us to learn more about different countries, their culture and lifestyle. It helps us to expand our knowledge and to live more comfortable and peaceful. Globalization also helps people to create new things but it`s very important to maintain our national values, identity and personality.

Patrilineal vs. Matrilineal Succession

Patrilineal vs. Matrilineal Succession Patrilineal societies, those that connect generations through the father’s line, dominate the world’s culture. And most sociologists would argue that we still live for the most part under a patriarchy, in which men serve as heads of almost every important social, cultural, and political institution. But a few cultures throughout history were matrilineal and therefore connected generations through the mother’s line. These cultures included many Native Americans, certain South Americans, and the Spanish and French Basque. And although matrilineal law is not codified in the Torah, the Jewish Oral Tradition as written in the Mishnah outlines an overwhelmingly matrilineal society: a child of a Jewish mother is always Jewish, regardless of the faith of the father. Patrilineal Succession For most of history, patrilineal succession (a patrilyny) dominated family units. Names, property, titles, and other valuables were traditionally passed on through a male line. Females did not inherit, unless there were no male heirs. Even then, distant male relatives would inherit over close female relatives like daughters.  Property passed from father to daughter indirectly, usually through dowries on a daughter’s marriage, which was paid to and came under the control of her husband or her husband’s father or another male relative. Matrilineal Succession In matrilineal succession, women inherited titles and names from their mothers, and passed them down to their daughters. Matrilineal succession did not necessarily mean that women held the power and property and titles. Sometimes, men in matrilineal societies were the ones who inherited, but they did so through their mother’s brothers, and passed their own inheritances along to their sisters’ children. The Role of Women in Promoting Patrilyny While most theorists believe that patriarchal systems came to dominate both Western and non-Western cultures through the use of force, social anthropologist Audrey Smedley’s research with the Birom people of Nigeria led her to posit that it might, in fact, be women themselves who willingly invented many features of the patrilyny. Furthermore, she argues, men’s roles are actually more constricted than women’s roles, and that women have significant decision-making within such organization. Moving Away From the Patrilyny In many ways, modern western culture has adopted more matrilineal-like structures, especially in poor communities where men are marginalized for other cultural reasons- race or immigration status, for instance.  The modern American imprisonment of a large percentage of the black male population means that many children do not have as much contact with fathers and other male relatives. So too have various property rights laws over the past several hundred years served to diminish the control that men have over women’s inherited property and women’s right to choose who inherits their property. In western cultures, it has become more common for women to keep their birth names after marriage, even if a substantial percentage of those women give their husband’s name to their children. And even if adhering to some version of  Salic law  has long prevented royal daughters from becoming  queens regnant, many monarchies have or are beginning to abolish the strict patrilineal assumptions in inheriting royal titles and power.

SYMBOLISM OF ANIMALS Essays - Ultima, Bless Me, Ultima, Free Essays

SYMBOLISM OF ANIMALS Essays - Ultima, Bless Me, Ultima, Free Essays SYMBOLISM OF ANIMALS Bless Me Ultima, a book by Rudolfo A. Anaya, is about a young boy named Antonio who comes of age through troubling ordeals throughout the book. He is aided in this journey by a curandera named Ultima, who teaches Tony many life lessons. Anaya uses animals to symbolize intangible attributes such as good and evil. Representing Ultima, he uses the owl, which serves as the good character, while the coyote represents evil, portrayed by Tenorio. The Golden Carp is a symbol of Tony?s uncertainty toward religion and morality. Anaya?s portrayal of these mystical characteristics shapes Tony?s ascent into manhood. The need for good is represented by the owl, which symbolizes Ultima. The symbolic value of the owl is seen early in the story when Tony calls it ?Ultima?s owl? (12). Tony is aware of the presence of the owl because he ?heard the owl cry its warning? before the death of Lupito (14). This foreshadowing of events occurs throughout the book, and shows the magical powers Tony believed to belong to the owl / Ultima. Because of these powers Tony?s life is very confusing and unstable. The owl also proves to be a savior to Antonio?s family when it ?pounced on the coyotes? while Ultima and Tony are helping Uncle Lucas (92). Tony realizes that in order to be successful, he must heed the warnings that come to him through nature, and his dreams. He learns that he must put himself in vulnerable positions, like the owl who risks it?s life, to help others. Evil, on the other hand, is symbolized by coyotes and the character of Tenorio. Before Tenorio is involved in the story, there is no mention of the wickedness of the coyotes, but once he shows up, they?re constantly on the side of evil. Tony refers to Tenorio?s friends as a ?ring of coyotes around him? (83). A unique perspective differentiates Tony from the other characters in the story. Once an idea is implanted into his mind, it remains there in his subconscious. Later in the story he even calls the coyotes Tenorio?s ?He ran to find refuge behind two of his coyotes? (124). In times of death Tony also mentions the ?circling? of hawks (104, 231). Even if this is just coincidence, Tony finds it important that scavengers be associated to the evil deeds committed. The connection that Tony makes between animals that live off the misfortune of others, and Tenorio, who holds vengeance toward others, is another step towards his realization of the world. The Golden Carp represents all the questions Tony has about religion and morality. Tony?s confusion is due to conflicting forces in both these aspects of life. When Cico first introduces the Carp to Tony, he is forced to make a tough decision ?Do you believe the Golden Carp is a god which he skillfully evades until he has the information he wants to make his decision (99). After the emergence of the Carp, Tony begins to question his Catholic upbringing, and he wonders why God punishes people. Florence, his atheist friend, explains his philosophy toward religion, and this pulls Tony even farther away from priesthood, which he desired at the outset of the story. Tony?s exclamation ?Seeing him made questions and worries evaporate...? is a good example of how his beliefs shifted drastically in this short period due to his coming of age (227). By the end of the book Tony is interested in not which is the right god, rather how he must live his life to satisfy his own beliefs. Anaya uses animals to help Tony ease through the process of maturing, which Tony is forced to do in a short period. The animals help young Tony express his feelings through a medium that relates to both the reader and Tony. Because of all the violence and death, Tony?s perspective is different, as a young child, then other children his age. Symbolism is the key to understanding the thoughts occurring in Tony?s mind, while he is experiencing things for the first time in his own unique way.

Chicago vs. Turabian (3 Key Questions)

Chicago vs. Turabian (3 Key Questions) Chicago vs. Turabian (3 Key Questions) There are many referencing systems used in academic writing. And many of these systems look similar at first glance. But possibly the most confusing are â€Å"Chicago† and â€Å"Turabian† style referencing. How do they differ? And does it matter which one you use? Let us explain. 1. What Are Chicago and Turabian Referencing? When people refer to â€Å"Chicago referencing,† they mean the citation style set out in The Chicago Manual of Style. Sometimes known as CMoS for short, this style guide is published by the University of Chicago Press and aimed at professional scholars and publishers. â€Å"Turabian referencing,† meanwhile, refers to the citation style set out in Kate L. Turabian’s Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations. But this is actually a simplified version of the citation style in CMoS, aimed specifically at students and focused on academic writing. Style manuals published by the University of Chicago Press. 2. How Do Chicago and Turabian Differ? In practice, there are no real differences between â€Å"Chicago† and â€Å"Turabian† referencing. You can see this if you look at the examples of Turabian and Chicago book citations from the CMoS site: Chicago 1. Zadie Smith, Swing Time  (New York: Penguin Press, 2016), 315–16. Turabian 2. Katie Kitamura, A Separation (New York: Riverhead Books, 2017), 25. As you can see, the format here is identical in each case. The same is true for other source types. There are some differences between the two style guides as a whole. But these simply reflect the Turabian style guide’s focus on students rather than publishers. As such, the Turabian guide: Is significantly shorter than the full CMoS due to not including information about preparing book manuscripts and journal articles for publication Contains a section on how to write and structure a research paper Features less information on grammar, spelling, and word usage Turabian is therefore much better if you are looking for specific advice on writing a college paper rather than a general style guide. 3. Which Referencing System Should I Use? The Chicago and Turabian style guides are tailored to different audiences, so you may want to use the one most suited to your needs. However, both style guides recommend the same approach to referencing sources, so it does not make a difference from this perspective. In other words, advice on how to cite a source in Chicago referencing will also apply to Turabian referencing. And advice on Turabian referencing will apply to Chicago style, too. The more important question is which version of Chicago/Turabian referencing you’re using: Notes and bibliography style, which requires referencing sources in footnotes as well as giving publication information in a bibliography. Author–date style, which uses in-text citations plus a reference list. As a general rule, footnote referencing is more common in the humanities, while author–date referencing is used in the physical and social sciences. However, make sure to check your school’s style guide or ask a professor if you are not 100% sure about which approach to use in your work.

There is no particular topic, there are 6 questions and the guidelines Assignment

There is no particular topic, there are 6 questions and the guidelines for the , all the questions and guide lines are - Assignment Example Meso economic environment is that environment where the business operates but has limited influence over. Macro-economic environment, on the other hand, include factors that impact an organization, but the organization have no direct control. Understanding these factors is very important for an organization since it makes it possible for an organization to take advantage of the opportunities available and minimize the risks that an organization may encounter. Conducting PESTEL analysis entails scanning these environments to spot and understand the broad and future trends (Burgemeister 2003, p. 13). PESTEL analysis acts as a useful tool for understanding the business environment in which an organization is operating. For example, PESTEL analysis helps organization understand risks associated with market growth or decline. This is important because it help an organization in making a decision as to whether to venture in a given market or not. For instance, before newspaper business can venture in the British newspaper industry, it is crucial for that company to conduct a PEST analysis. The analysis will help the company have a good understanding of the British newspaper industry in light of the politics at play, economic situation, socio-cultural, technological and environmental issues involved. If the PEST analysis shows the British environment to be conducive for business, then the company can go ahead to establish a business in the country, otherwise the company will stop making such a move to avoid risks revealed by the PEST analysis (Burgemeister 2003, p. 15). PEST analysis also acts as a useful business orientation tool. In this regard, PEST is used to establish when the organization or product is with regard to what is taking place outside that might affect activities taking place inside an organization at some point in time (Burgemeister 2003, p. 15). PEST analysis for the British newspaper industry Political Britain is one of the countries that enjoy str ong political stability in the country. The political stability enjoyed in the country has created a conducive environment for doing business. The newspaper industry, in particular, has enjoyed growth in Britain due to political stability. In fact, the British government usually promotes the growth of newspaper since it is used as a means of communicating with the people. Nevertheless, there has been growing move by politicians and celebrities in the country to have control of newspapers. This follows a recent Royal Charter that proposed a regulation of the newspaper industry (IBISWorld 2013). This kind of political interference is posing real danger to the industry that has enjoyed freedom for decades. Despite the move by politicians to regulate the industry, the future of the newspaper industry in the country remains bright. Economical British is one of the countries that have suffered most from the financial crisis accompanied by recession that rocked the country in 2007. The new spaper industry is among the sectors that have been worse hit by the recession. The financial crisis in the country saw many people lose their jobs and the prices of basic commodities skyrocketed due to inflation. This has since resulted in a decline in the number of newspaper consumers in the U.K. Research shows that a majority of those who used to buy newspapers

Project management Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Project management - Research Paper Example A project is not a routine task, it is a certain set of functions designed to achieve a particular goal. Sometimes the project team involves people who usually do not work together; they are acquired from different departments, different organizations & different localities. In simple terms, Project Management involves a temporary group activity. Project Management is related to the application of knowledge, techniques & skills to complete a project efficiently & effectively. It is a strategic decision by the organization to enhance their competencies by tying the project outputs to the organization’s objectives. Previously project management referred to the collection of project data & metrics for evaluation & then accordingly making changes to increase efficiency & productivity. For the past decades, this area of management have become quite popular within the corporate world because of the following reasons- (ds.psu.edu 2) The average salary of a project manager is quite hi gh in comparison to the managers of other domain. Every year, a huge amount is spent for the purpose of accomplishing various projects. Lately, project management has been included as a subject of study in various educational institutes. It acts as a control mechanism for various projects. Project management helps in controlling the human capital, budget, quality, resources, time frames & communication. Project Life Cycle Projects always have a starting date & an ending date which means just like products, projects also have a definite life cycle that starts with the starting date & ends with the ending date. The diagram shows the different phases of a project life cycle- (weill.cornell.edu 1) Here we are given a particular business case where we have to modify the present structure of the University into a Wi-Fi enabled campus. We need to replace all computers & introduce iMacs for the classroom. Also we are required to complete the job within the month of June as the research woul d start from July onwards. We need several staffs for this purpose. Selection of the appropriate option for the given business case The appropriate solution that has been selected for the business case is requesting financial aid from the government as it is a reliable source of funds. On the basis of this option we are going to discuss further about this case with the help of the A3 tool. The context of Toyota can be considered while exploring the concept of A3. The managers of the company implement a tool called A3 that is named keeping in mind the internationally accepted paper size.A3 consists of a series of boxes arranged in a template. The boxes include the operations in the following order- 1. To establish the context of the business & the importance of a specific issue 2. To define the present status of the problem 3. To identify the desired outputs 4. To analyze the circumstances to ascertain causality 5. To offer countermeasures 6. To establish an action plan 7. To chalk o ut the follow-up process This method helps the managers to train others regarding the analysis of the root-cause & channel them towards scientific thinking. This is a tool for constant improvement & learning. We are required to use one management tool for the current business case & we would consider applying the A3 framework.

Diamond Model Analyze Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Diamond Model Analyze - Essay Example These are very important. A country endowed with natural resources that are important for the production especially in the line that the foreign investor has interest will be an advantageous situation. Further, infrastructure makes it easy for operations reducing cost of doing business. For example an existence of an airport makes it easy for transportation of goods or perishable products and as such is a good environment for wooing direct foreign investment.Secondly, the demand conditions also come to play. As a factor that would influence the ability for doing business for foreign investors. Demand for the products that are generated by the foreign investor is an environmental factor of consideration. Without demand the investor will not be attracted and as such no foreign investment can be realized. Related supporting industries in the line that the foreign investor is also necessary and is a factor to consider. This is because they make easier the operation of the given foreign c ompany and as such their existence around can provide a good environment for the survival and operation of the foreign investment. For example if the direct foreign investment was targeting production of cotton, an existence of textile industry or other related ones will make the investment viable and as such encourage direct foreign investments. Competitive opponent’s existence is another environment factor that should be taken in to account when trying to woo a foreign direct investor.

Existence of Aliens Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Existence of Aliens - Assignment Example The author of the paper states that maybe there is more than just human life or the human race remains the first and the most technologically advanced race. Human modesty and their ill feelings towards humanity never let us believe in this theory. However, it is only possible that human beings are more advanced as compared to different forms of life. Alien existence has continued to draw attention from different quarters across the globe and currently, it is not established whether they exist or not. However, it is definite that the alien phenomenon started long before the existence of human beings though living on a different planet. With this in mind, this argumentative essay will try to establish whether aliens really exist or whether they are just a phenomenon.  Considering the relative ease with which human life seems to evolve on earth and the extent of the observable universe, it is apparent that life exists elsewhere in the universe. However, that leads to three different q uestions of interest. Is human life the most intelligent life in the universe? Do aliens exist on earth? Will we ever contact the aliens? Almost certainly not considering there are n any evidence that seems to indicate that any human being has either visited or seen them. Stories about aliens are mostly conspiracy theories that are yet to be established (Lewis, 2012). Therefore, it is quite difficult to establish whether Aliens do exist. The question as to whether aliens do exist is also not specific. Generally, alien life, highly probable considering the fact that we all know how life started on earth. The fine biological details that form the earth life remain very fortuitous, thus the result of how universal life happened to initially form and evolve. This, therefore, means that it will be difficult to encounter or establish the same biochemistries types elsewhere (Lewis, 2012). Alternatively, we almost certainly not be facing humanoids of popular mythology.

Critically reflect on the nature of management practice and the role Essay

Critically reflect on the nature of management practice and the role theory plays, if at all, on management practice - Essay Example An organization is a very intrinsic system, and to make the system to remain sustain a considerable amount of flexibility is required (Dawson, 2009, p.13). This kind of organizational flexibility is given by the heterarchy organizational structure where the flow of information is not constrained. On the other hand a hierarchical organizational structure is one where every organizational entity excluding one is the subordinate of the other entity. It is not a flattened structure and has a centralized power of control. In this kind of structure the power is on the top level and it diminishes at the subsequent levels (Allee, 2002, pp.78-79). The hierarchical organizational structure is seen almost in every big company where there exist different levels of power of authority and management. But in today’s scenario of adaptation to more of flexible structures heterarchy organizational structure is the best mode for system formulation. Though it has not been seen as a very regular m easure in many organizations but those corporations who has such a flattened structure is more flexible and provides better scope for development. Thus according to me both the structures has its pros and cons but heterarchy organizational structure is the best structure to be adapted. Heterachy organizational structure is a lateral coordination of organizational diversity. It has been characterized as a distributed intelligence that is negotiable at multiple evaluative criteria. From the past two centuries hierarchical organizational structure has been the dominant model. In the early 19th century the traditional approach in the organizational system was more prominent. The bureaucratic traditional approach emphasized more on the rational control. This control was exercised through formalized communication in order to avoid misuse of power. Scientific management gained more efficiency in

Use of hydrocarbons as fuels Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Use of hydrocarbons as fuels - Essay Example The early man’s industries included mining and smelting of ores, and a later transition from Stone Age to Metal Age. This resulted to not only wastage, but also potential spread of carbon monoxide, toxic elements of mercury, and lead among others. However, with Industrial Revolution in the late 18th century, the introduction of the steam engine saw the industrial growth due to possible transportation of industrial goods hence more pollution due to higher industrial demands (Khopkar 2004 p.16). These industries pollute the environment through sulfur dioxide, dioxin, and other toxic substances. The pollutants are in form of liquid, gas, and other solid forms that seriously damage the bio system. Air pollution is inevitable within the industrial process although industrial ecology aims at harmonizing the industrial sector and the biosphere as a solution to this growing problem. The chemistry involved in this industrial process includes production of emissions like SO2, Nitrogen Oxides, and particulate emissions. Sulfur dioxide a content of fuel gases is one-quarter depending on the fuel. A coal-fired power plant produces 2.5million of fuel gas per hour if its output is 700MW, and emits 2.5 tons of sulfur per hour. However, the sulfur emissions are lower in industrial sources compared to power plants and occur where heating reactors use sulfur fuels. Oxidation of dust and soot particles with heavy metals due to presence of water droplets can result to acid smog that has deleterious effects on respiratory system. During combustion of nitric acids, the combustion process forms nitrogen oxides that are common air pollutants. Once Nitrogen oxide and the molecular oxygen or other radicals oxidate they form nitrogen dioxide. A good example is the use of sulfuric acid that contains nitrous elements during super phosphate production, because the process emits over 50% of nitrogen oxide gases. The

Existence of Aliens Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Existence of Aliens - Assignment Example The author of the paper states that maybe there is more than just human life or the human race remains the first and the most technologically advanced race. Human modesty and their ill feelings towards humanity never let us believe in this theory. However, it is only possible that human beings are more advanced as compared to different forms of life. Alien existence has continued to draw attention from different quarters across the globe and currently, it is not established whether they exist or not. However, it is definite that the alien phenomenon started long before the existence of human beings though living on a different planet. With this in mind, this argumentative essay will try to establish whether aliens really exist or whether they are just a phenomenon.  Considering the relative ease with which human life seems to evolve on earth and the extent of the observable universe, it is apparent that life exists elsewhere in the universe. However, that leads to three different q uestions of interest. Is human life the most intelligent life in the universe? Do aliens exist on earth? Will we ever contact the aliens? Almost certainly not considering there are n any evidence that seems to indicate that any human being has either visited or seen them. Stories about aliens are mostly conspiracy theories that are yet to be established (Lewis, 2012). Therefore, it is quite difficult to establish whether Aliens do exist. The question as to whether aliens do exist is also not specific. Generally, alien life, highly probable considering the fact that we all know how life started on earth. The fine biological details that form the earth life remain very fortuitous, thus the result of how universal life happened to initially form and evolve. This, therefore, means that it will be difficult to encounter or establish the same biochemistries types elsewhere (Lewis, 2012). Alternatively, we almost certainly not be facing humanoids of popular mythology.

Use of hydrocarbons as fuels Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Use of hydrocarbons as fuels - Essay Example The early man’s industries included mining and smelting of ores, and a later transition from Stone Age to Metal Age. This resulted to not only wastage, but also potential spread of carbon monoxide, toxic elements of mercury, and lead among others. However, with Industrial Revolution in the late 18th century, the introduction of the steam engine saw the industrial growth due to possible transportation of industrial goods hence more pollution due to higher industrial demands (Khopkar 2004 p.16). These industries pollute the environment through sulfur dioxide, dioxin, and other toxic substances. The pollutants are in form of liquid, gas, and other solid forms that seriously damage the bio system. Air pollution is inevitable within the industrial process although industrial ecology aims at harmonizing the industrial sector and the biosphere as a solution to this growing problem. The chemistry involved in this industrial process includes production of emissions like SO2, Nitrogen Oxides, and particulate emissions. Sulfur dioxide a content of fuel gases is one-quarter depending on the fuel. A coal-fired power plant produces 2.5million of fuel gas per hour if its output is 700MW, and emits 2.5 tons of sulfur per hour. However, the sulfur emissions are lower in industrial sources compared to power plants and occur where heating reactors use sulfur fuels. Oxidation of dust and soot particles with heavy metals due to presence of water droplets can result to acid smog that has deleterious effects on respiratory system. During combustion of nitric acids, the combustion process forms nitrogen oxides that are common air pollutants. Once Nitrogen oxide and the molecular oxygen or other radicals oxidate they form nitrogen dioxide. A good example is the use of sulfuric acid that contains nitrous elements during super phosphate production, because the process emits over 50% of nitrogen oxide gases. The

The Pangaea Theory Essay Example for Free

The Pangaea Theory Essay The Pangea theory describes that all continents were joined together in one enormous land mass millions of years ago. Later on the continents broke apart and start drifting in opposite directions and still continued to make another arrangement. In 1912, Alfred Wegner, a German meteorologist and geologist gave the hypothesis the all the continents were joined together in a single continental land mass surrounded by a single ocean (Panthalassa) Late Paleozoic times. The Wegner used the term Kontinentalverschiebung for the breakup and displacement of crustal blocks. Pangea situated around where Antarctica is now presently. During Jurassic Period the Pangaea started to break up into smaller units called Laurasia and Gondwanaland. In late Cretaceous period, the continents were further separated and transformed as present day continents (William Lowrie, 2007). Figure-1 shows the reconstruction of Wegener’s continental mass using paleo-climatic data from Carboniferous, Permian, Eocene and to Quarternary. Figure-1 (a) Pangaea reconstruction by Wegener in Late Carboniferous time (b) continents in Eocene times (c) continents in Early Quaternary, where K, S, W, E refers coal, salt, desert areas, ice sheets respectively (after William Lowrie, 2007). Evolution of Himalayas The Himalaya holds very important geological and tectonic history. The arc of Himalayan belt is about 2500 km from northwest to southeast. It comprises of well-known famous peaks like Nanga Parbat, Evereast and Namche Barwa etc. The Himalayan ranges hold a huge concentration of lithospheric mass comprising Precambrian to Recent sediments. The contnent to continent collision of Indian and Asian plates is considered as the grave reason for the origion and development of Himalaya. This collision occurred in last 100 Ma yielding the uplifting of Himalayan chain of mountains. This lead the closing of Tethyian sea during 60-50 Ma. The over trust sheets and formation of nappe and klipps was generated as a result of crustal shortening. The uplift resulted huge erosion and deposition phases in the Arabian sea and Bay of Bengal. The subduction process is still under continuation causing earthquakes and tsunamis in the entire region (Anshu Kumar Sinha, August 2008),(An Yin et. al, May 2000) During cretaceous age the indian plate started it journey of collision with Eurasian plate. The subduction of the Indian plate occurred under Eurasia making Tibetan crust with huge thickness (Figure-2). The Tsangpo Indus suture zone was formed in western while MKT/ MMT zones were created. Several regional faults like main continental and boundary thrusts as well as salt range thrusts were generated (Klootwijk et al., 1992). Figure-3 show the distribution of major thrust faults associated with the indianeurasian plate collision Hamalyian orogeny. Figure-2, The subduction of Indian plate under Eurasian plate (after Klootwijk et al., 1992). Figure-3, Regional thrust faults distribution due to the collision of Indian plate (after Harald Drewes, 1995) Tectonics of Sulaiman Kirthar Range Sulaiman Range The Sulaiman Kirthar ranges comprises of about 1250 km long and 75 to 180 km wide zone. The zone is highly complex structurally (Figure-4). There are regional thrust belts in northern and southern side of these ranges. On the eastern and southern side of these belts the successions are highly folded. The intensity of folding diminishes as we move more eastward and southward. A huge foredeep zone containing 10 km thick Jurassic to Recent sediment is present in front of these ranges in the eastern and southern direction (A. H. Kazmi et al., 1997). Sulaiman Kirthar ranges comprises of various tectonos tratigraphic zones. The fold belt contains arc shaped zone is east-west direction. There is exposure of Jurassic to recent strata having a regional unconformity at the base of Dungan Limestone of Palaeocene age having Biabi volcanics a protolith. The folding style in Sulaiman fold belt area are enechelon, parallel/ sub parallel or open which becomes tighter as we move northward. The northern and central part of this belt holds the steep and huge thrust faulting effects including NW and NNW trending strike slip faults originating syntaxis. The lobe shape of Sulaiman fold is believed to be the result of presence of weak basal decollement composed of pilitic rocks or fine carbonates at 14 km deep above the crystalline basement which is supported by tear faults. The northward zone also comprises tight detachment folds as well as forward propagating anticlines with duplex geometry in piggy-back style while in south eastern side broad and dome shaped wider anticlines are present. The Sibi trough exist between Sulaiman and Kirthar fold belts. The trough contains 15 km thick sequences of Triassic to Recent sedimentary rocks above the basement. The thickness of Siwalik molasses in Sibi trough is 7000 meters (A. H. Kazmi et al., 1997). Kirthar Range The Kirthar Fold Belt is 330 km long and 50 to 70 km wide. The belt runs between Quetta and Karachi from north-south. In north and western side Bela-Zhobophiolite are present while on eastern side the Sibi trough, Kirthar foredeep and Indus platform are present (Figure-4). Jurassic to Recent sedimentary rocks are present in the Kirthar Fold Belt. Smaller structural units appear in the belt by differences in tectonic style and variations in stratigraphic successions (A. H. Kazmi et al., 1997). Kalat anticlinorium It lies in northern-most part of this belt contains massive Jurassic carbonates and comprises parallel or en echelon folds. Tallest peaks of more than 3000 meters are present in the area. The doubly plunging broad anticlines with steep limbs and flatter crests are common which are cut by normal and reverse faults. Wider synclinal valleys covered with Cretaceous and Paleogene shales and limestones are present. Kalat Plateau: The plateau is situated in the south of Kalat anticlinorium. This plateau is a depression or downthrown block that is containing Kirthar Limestone of Eocene age. This plateau is a gently undulating synclinorium and holds small and gentle folds having tear and reverse faults. Khuzdar knot: This area is having irregular geometry of structural feature. The zone has gone through intense deformation that lessens in southward. The massive Jurassic limestone here is forming tightly folded anticlines that are separated by tight valleys of irregular geometry. The trend of anticlinal axes is dancing in almost every direction. The folds in eastern side are larger broader. Khude Range Fold Belt The range consists of Paleogene sediments comprising thrust faults that are dipping away from the range. Narrow elongated and en echelon anticlines are present with Jurassic-Cretaceous exposed in the core. Nagau-KirtharFold Belt This belt comprises tight, en echelon, subparallel and doubly plunging folds characterized by reverse and tear faults. On the eastern side of the belt a lot of small popup structures are present due to presence of Kirthar Limestones. The passive roof duplex models are observed in this area. Karachi Embayment Zone This zone is characterized as a synclinorium and contains Miocene to Recent sediments forming SSW trending anticlines. Sanbakh-Lakhrauplift zone The zone lies in the east of Karachi embayment. Paleogene and Neogene sedimentary rocks have filled this area. The zone holds a lot of unconformities and comprises of broad doubly plunging, gentle northsouth trending folds that are cut through by numerous reverse and normal faults. The unconformities depicts that this zone was a structural hight in the paleotimes. KakarKhorasanBasin Kakar Khorasan is referred as Flysch basin. This basin is present in the north of Zhob ophiolite and thrust belt. The basin is comprised of flysch sediments. The deltaic and molasse sediments are also present in the basin. It is assumed that the oceanic crust related to Indian plate has subducted beneath Afghan block, this analysis is based on the gravity surveys which depicts that the oceanic crust beneath the Afgnan block is getting thinner causing Afghan block about 57 km thick. Nisai Limestone of Eocene age as well as Khojak Flysch sediments of Oligocene to Miocene age are exposed in the basin which are underlain by Pliocene sediments or younger molasse. Broad to tight anticlines and synclines associated with the reverse faults are present in this area (A. H. Kazmi et al., 1997). Figure-4, Geological map of a part of Sulaiman-Kirthar Fold Belts (after A. H. Kazmi et al., 1997). Geology Stratigraphy of Salt Range Salt range is composed of very interesting geology and tectonics. Tectonically the salt range is the result of Himalayan orogeny. The salt range thrust is the key tectonic feature that controls the whole configuration of these ranges. Various syntaxes were created due to the movements along vertical axes. Hazarasyntaxis (Jehlum fault) and Indus River syntazxis (Kalabagh fault) are characterized by lateral movements are present in East and west of the salt range respectively (Figure-5) which are the result of adjustment of major thrust plate around the subducting one. The area mainly comprises of thrusted salt cored anticlines and popups where salt is acting as decollement surface (A. H. Kazmi et al., 1997). Figure-5, Tectonic map for salt range (after Harald Drewes, 1995) The salt range comprises of Infra-Cambrian evaporates deposits which are under the coverage of EoCambrian package. The absence of Middle Cambrian to Early Permian rocks depicts regional unconformity in salt range. In Nammal, Chichli Nilawahan gorges of western salt range the younger while in western side at Choa Sayden Shah the older strata is exposed. The salt range area contains molasse deposits of Miocene to Pliocene age which are the result of Himayalian erosion. These recent sediments cover the thick EoCambrian package that overlies evaporite deposits (A. H. Kazmi et al., 1997). Mesozoic and earlier rock rocks exposures are exposed also in Surghar and Khisor ranges. The dolomites, shales and sandstones of Jehlum Group are unconformably overlain by a thick succession of carbonates and clastics of Nilawahan and Zaluch groups. Talchir boulder beds are the indications of a regional angular unconformity at the base of Permian. The exposed Eo-Cambrian formations are about 550m thick in Eastern salt range while the Permian sequence is about 700m thick in western Salt range. Figure-6 is a schematic cross section of Salt, Surghar and Khisor range showing the stratigraphic distribution of formations. The area is devoid of Ordovician to Carboniferous strata depicting a regional unconformity. In western salt range Permian to recent sediments are present uncomfortably over the Cambrian succession. On the contrary in the eastern salt range the Cambrian package is quite preserved and also do not contain Ordovician to Carboniferous successions. There is an abrupt change of stratigraphic successions that just above the Cambrian the Oligocene to recent sediments. An average thickness of continental molasses sediments is about 8000 meters overlying the Eo-Cambrian packages. The Nilawahan group of Lower Permian age acts as a regional unconformity in the entire area (A. H. Kazmi et al., 1997). Figure-6, Stratigraphic distribution of various successions in Khisor, Surghar and Salt range (after A. H. Kazmi et al., 1997). Tobra formation’s Talchir Boulder bed is a result of a global glacial event; the Bain Boulder bed of Marwat formation of Pliestocene age in Bhittani and Shinghar ranges is result of a single catastrophic flood event comprising volcanic debris flow. The salt range area contains highly fossiliferous stratigraphic sequences. Permian sequences contains wide range of fossils, the lower part contains cold while its upper part has water fauna and flora. Lower Eocene’s Kuldana Formation contains vertebrate fauna of whales. The successions in Cretaceous age contain vertebrates like rodents, artiodactyls, bounodonts, anthracobunid and proboscideans. The Siwaliks on the other hand contains mammalian fossils (A. H. Kazmi et al., 1997).

Virgin on the Rocks by Leonardo da Vinci

Virgin on the Rocks by Leonardo da Vinci Featured in this gallery are the two versions of The Virgin of the Rocks (also known as The Madonna of the Rocks). These two altarpieces are being showcased in particular in this exhibition because they share a location in the same Milanese church, the San Francesco Grande, and most importantly the same artist (although this has been debated), Leonardo Da Vinci, painted both versions of the altarpiece. Further, another reason why they are being portrayed in this exhibition is due to the debates over their authenticity, even though they are 15 years apart in conception. Additionally, the two pieces share the same subject matter, imagery, iconography and pyramidal composition. In both altarpieces, the subject matter is unusual since the Biblical figures are placed in a mountainous pictorial backdrop; also, both paintings depicted were made for the Confraternity of the Immaculate Conception. These two pieces were further chosen because they incorporate many stylistic features such as s fumatto (blurring of lines) and the exploitation of the gradation of light (chiaroscuro) that the painter had accumulated and learnt from previous experiments, and which he then applied in this peak period of his career. The two versions of the Virgin of the Rocks also represent the artists continuous growth in the art of Italian Renaissance; The Virgin of the Rocks set the base for Leonardo Da Vinci to grow and mature as an artist in his two following infamous commissions, the Last Supper, and the Mona Lisa. The two altarpieces share the same iconography of the plants painted. Leonardo Da Vinci was a botanist just as much as he was an engineer, or an artist. He paid close attention to details; for these paintings, rather than looking at images of the plants, he looked at the plants in real, and painted from there. The plants depicted in the paintings have been chosen because they symbolize and represent religious meanings. According to the biographer, Charles Nicholl: the columbine suggests the dove of the Holy Ghost, the cyclamen below Christ have heart shaped leaves which make it an emblem of love and devotion, and by his knee is a basal rosette of primrose, an emblem of virtue. Kneeling below St. John is the acanthus, considered to be a symbol of the resurrection because of its rapid growth; the hypericum which has small dots of red on yellow petals represents the blood of the martyred St. John. Other hidden symbols are religious in nature: the water, pearls and the crystal, which are used to fasten Marys robe, are symbols of her purity. This would make the connection with the Immaculate Conception of Mary. Further, the stone formations, eroded by natural forces are a metaphor for Mary, pointing towards her unexpected, virtuous fertility. Da Vinci wanted the viewer to feel as if they were seeing material Nature spiritually transmuted. In both versions of the altarpiece, Leonardo Da Vinci portrayed the Virgin together with the infant Christ and St. John, and with an angel. They have been placed amongst a rocky backdrop or a grotto. It is the setting of the Biblical figures against this pictorial background that gives the altarpiece its title, the Virgin of the Rocks. The Virgin has been placed in the center of the composition dressed in a blue garment. By having the Virgin as the focal point, the other figures have been placed in a pyramidal composition. Further, the Biblical figures are interconnected not only via the pyramidal composition but also via subtle glances and gestures. The rocky backdrop has caused some debate, as they are different in the style of the brushstrokes. According to the geologist, Anne Pizzorusso, Da Vinci has not painted the second version of the altarpiece, because the rocks which he would have been familiar with because of his obsession with nature have been painted incongruently in c omparison to the first version. Other than these evident similarities between the two versions of the altarpieces, there are also many significant differences between them. To start, both pieces are not in their original locations anymore. The first version is now in the Louvre in Paris, and the second version is currently in the National Gallery in London. Further differences lay in the iconographic and stylistic details of the paintings, which aid in making them individually significant and unique. Further, these differences in details are what raise the debate about authenticity whether Da Vinci was responsible for either painting, or just the first version currently in the Louvre. To extrapolate, if it were Leonardo Da Vinci who painted both, the altarpieces should share the same stylistic features, such as that of exploiting the use of light, which they do not. This raises the hypothesis of Leonardo not being the sole artist for the second version of the altarpiece. Rather, he most likely got help from his tw o Milanese assistants, the brothers Ambrogio and Evangelista de Predis, as evident in some aspects of the painting. The first version of the altarpiece is generally considered superior as revealing the more mature Leonardo Da Vinci than the second version. Hanging in the Louvre, the first version is thought to be solely by Leonardo Da Vinci, whereas the second is seen as overseen by the artist but having received assistance. Both paintings also share a different mood: where the Louvre version is vibrant, the National Gallery version is more austere; The different mood of the second version may be due to the numerous hands of multiple artists on the painting. Through further analysis of these criteria the symbolic iconography, stylistic techniques and the debate over their authenticity- we will see that although each altarpiece is unique and mysterious it is still intertwined with the other. Leonardo Da Vinci, Virgin of the Rocks, 1452-1519, oil on wood/panel transferred to canvas, 78in x 48.5in In the early 1480s, artists in Milan were beginning to finally prosper and were coming into the city from the rest of Italy due to its growing wealth and Ludovico Sforzas encouragement. Numerous artists were attempting to get commissions from the court; at the time, the most prominent artist and painter was Donato Bramante, who achieved success with his design of St. Peters Basilica in Rome. He was crowned as an architect of the court after he secured his architectural commission for the Basilica. Even though Bramante secured his position as the courts architect, Da Vinci did not give up and continued to toil in his early years in Milan to receive the title of the courts painter. Five or six years elapsed before the Sforza court recognized Da Vincis talent. It was with his first employment at court that Da Vincis career as a painter in Milan started off; the confraternity of the Immaculate Conception commissioned him for the Virgin of the Rocks, making this altarpiece his first artwo rk in Milan. With this altarpiece, Da Vinci took risks that worked to his benefit, by attempting to incorporate new ideas, and by introducing new themes to the art field. Before this altarpiece, the Virgin and Child were usually placed within an interior setting of a church or a chapel. Therefore, the altarpiece is emblematic of the flourishing of his career, as placing the Virgin and Child amongst a natural setting was a new theme in Italian Renaissance art. As with all other altarpieces, Da Vinci had to agree to a contract for the altarpiece, which was dated at April 25, 1483. According to the contract, the patrons asked for a triptych with the Virgin and Child in the midst of a host of angels attended by two prophets, while the side panels were to feature four angels each, singing or playing musical instruments. Although contracts are written in stone, and followed, Da Vinci diverged from the clients specifications. Apart from the Virgin and Child, none of the other requirements are met. The composition is comprised of the Virgin, the infant Christ, one angel, no prophets, and an unstipulated infant St. John, a divine quartet organized by a pyramidal structure with the Virgins head at the vertex; the side panels are also deficient, having only one angel each. The Virgins right arm is draped over the shoulder of St. John, and her left hand poised over the figure of the infant Christ. On the lower right portion of the panel, the kneelin g angel is pointing toward St. John. Other than the subject matter, the contract also specified details concerning the composition and choice of colours, which Da Vinci did not completely adhere to: Our Lady is at the center, her cloak [is to] be of gold brocade and ultramarine blueà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦the gownà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦gold brocade and crimson lake, in oilà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦the lining of the cloakà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦gold brocade and green, in oilà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Also, the seraphim done in sgrafitto workà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Also God the Father [is] to have a cloak of gold brocade and ultramarine blue. The mountains and rocks shall be worked in oil, in a colourful manner. A possible reason for this may be that Da Vinci was already working on some kind of painting, and just carried on with the composition regardless of the details of the contract. This may be because the deadline allowed them only 9 months, so to save time; Da Vinci may have taken this path to complete the painting on time. The Virgin is depicted as a young woman in this version of the altarpiece. The introspective solemnity that Da Vinci used to express the Madonna in his earlier works (The Adoration of the Magi, The Benois Madonna) develops delicately and gracefully, making evident Da Vincis concern with the intermingling of spiritual and devotional qualities with human feelings of tenderness in the Virgin in this altarpiece. Although there are inconsistencies with the Virgins face, such as in the bulging slanted eyes, the outline of the face of the Virgin has been regularized and lengthened (in comparison to his previous attempts to drawing Virgins), giving Her a more naturally unified appearance. A stylistic feature that develops from this starting point is the artists new treatment of light. In the present altarpiece, light exists and an independent and mobile part of nature. The surfaces of the painting vibrate gently through the subtle interpenetration and gradation of lights and shadows. Therefo re, by using the technique he used to exploit the quality of light, he was able to achieve the tranquil, fluent, delicate, and tender emotions conveyed by the Virgins face. The angel in the painting is compelling and looks out at the viewer. The goal of placing the angel in such a way was to use the angel to catch the viewers attention, and to draw it to the center of the painting specifically towards St. John- by means of pointing his finger. The pointing of the finger has many other functions other than to point out the infant St. John: it fills the interval and clarifies the vertical accent that result from the foreshortened hand of the Virgin, which she extends to crown the Christ Child. This helps to reestablish the prominence that Christ is in danger of losing by his subordinate location in the composition. Leonardo Da Vinci was highly influenced by Verrocchio, his trainer, and by Flemish styles and techniques. These influences are evident in the infant Christ and St. John, whom are in round and fleshy forms. The infants have been directly taken from Donatello and Verrocchios sculptural style. Da Vinci continued to take from his early predecessors and teachers, and apply their stylistic forms to his works. Version 2: The second version of the Virgin of the Rocks is the painting that had to be created due to a lawsuit against the previous version of the altarpiece. The patrons bestowed a lawsuit on the previous altarpiece because it had not been completed within the timeframe given to them of 9 months. While the lawsuit was in progress (lasted for 10 years), the Confraternity asked for another painting, which would follow the same contract; thus the second version of the Virgin of the Rocks was born. The fact that Da Vinci was not able to complete the first version was not surprising, because he had difficulties meeting deadlines a childhood problem that matured with him into his adulthood. The second version was commissioned to be painted for the same chapel of San Francesco Grande in Milan. Due to many inconsistencies throughout the painting, there have been debates on whether Da Vinci painted the altarpiece wholly. Many scholars believe that due to the lack of attention paid to the exploitatio n of light, the different moods and due to the changes in the softness of lines, Da Vinci received help from his assistants Ambrogio and Evangelista de Predis. The Virgin of the second version of the Virgin of the Rocks is in most ways facial features, arrangement of hair, and set of her head similar to the previous version in the Louvre. Although Da Vinci usually does not repeat himself in this way, it may have been necessary because the London painting was meant to replace the Paris painting in the ancona of the Confraternity. The Virgin in the second version of the altarpiece looks older because her facial forms are heavier and larger, and she has a serious expression. The Virgin in this altarpiece is also much more voluminous, occupying a greater area of the panel; lacks crispness and spontaneity in execution. Further, the Virgins drab and lusterless hair and sharp-edged forms, the mechanical way light and shade are distributed in separate areas, the loss of radiance in the light and the loss of the atmospheric veil suggest that the Virgin was not painting by Da Vinci, but by Ambrogio de Predis. The head of the angel may be the only part of the altarpiece where Da Vincis artistic hand is evident, although it was not solely him responsible for it. It has some of his vivacity and sensitivity of handling, and the spotted light over the delicate curls in the angels hair is surely his invention. Ambrogio de Predis hand is evident in the head of the angel as well, as there is a lack of crispness in the facial expression. In this altarpiece, the angel is no longer pointing to the infant St. John. This collaboration between the two artists is clearly identifiable and comparable to the first version in which Da Vinci was the single artist.

Thou Shall Not Kill :: essays research papers

) Capital punishment is the killing of a killer. The act of capital punishment is wrong and useless and I have few reasons why. When a murderer is executed or shot by lethal injection it costs almost twice as much as a criminal sitting in jail for 20 years. Another reason this is a very bad concept is because capital punishment encourages murder. Lastly no matter how sick and demented these wretched beasts are, they still don't deserve to be denied their right to live. Capital punishment is not a smart idea for the prisons who put it into effect. The execution of a prisoner too much money, which is unnecessary to spend. If we keep killing all of these felons, we'll quickly run out of money, simply because of this wasteful act. The money that is going towards the execution and the supplies are coming from your tax money. The more people the government continues to kill, the less money will go towards things we really want and need. The authorities are encouraging murders because of capital punishment. In just about every society world-wide murdering is wrong and should have strict punishment if done. Yet this law is clear to all Americans; capital punishment is contradicting it. The government says killing is only justified under certain circumstances, in which some convicted felons fall under. This is sending a message to the public that if it's under certain situations killing an individual is perfectly all right. In conclusion, capital punishment is overly expensive, encourages murder, and is simply wrong. This act of murder effects everyone for the worse. It should end, right now.

Editing The Internet :: Cyberspace Children Essays

Editing The Internet Now a days it is common for there to be computers in every classroom. Some people consider this to be beneficial and others believe it to be detrimental. Having access to the internet is great for research and exploration the problem is that it is not always safe for children. This topic is not only important for teachers but for parents also since many children have internet access at home. I say that the internet is not always safe because students may accidentally stumble upon sites which contain pornography, violence, weapons, and other subjects that are inappropriate for them. I don't work on computers that much so I wasn't aware of how easy it is for a person to open a site that contains nudity or violent activity. I always thought that the only way a person could get to a pornographic site was by paying to see it. Unfortunately this is not the case. I realized this because at the school where I work there have been cases where girls type in "Barbie" to find information about the Mattel "Barbie" and they end up getting to a pornography site. We also had one boy who was doing research on the white house and when he typed in the words white house it was another pornography site. It happens far too many times that children innocently type in a few words like Spice Girls to find out information about a music group and end up at an obscene internet site. I as a teacher and mother want to find a way to prevent my students from getting into the inappropriate sites while at the same time letting them explore the internet for whatever topic they may be researching . There must be some way in which we, the teachers, administration, and parents can filter out the inappropriate sites from the appropriate ones. Some teachers I work with have come up with their own solutions in regards to keeping the students away from improper sites. One teacher bookmarks all the sites he allows his students to get into. So when the students get on the computer they can only open up those sites. This may be one solution but I believe that it limits the children. Like I mentioned earlier, I'd like to find a way in which they can search however many sites they like without getting into anything bad. Editing The Internet :: Cyberspace Children Essays Editing The Internet Now a days it is common for there to be computers in every classroom. Some people consider this to be beneficial and others believe it to be detrimental. Having access to the internet is great for research and exploration the problem is that it is not always safe for children. This topic is not only important for teachers but for parents also since many children have internet access at home. I say that the internet is not always safe because students may accidentally stumble upon sites which contain pornography, violence, weapons, and other subjects that are inappropriate for them. I don't work on computers that much so I wasn't aware of how easy it is for a person to open a site that contains nudity or violent activity. I always thought that the only way a person could get to a pornographic site was by paying to see it. Unfortunately this is not the case. I realized this because at the school where I work there have been cases where girls type in "Barbie" to find information about the Mattel "Barbie" and they end up getting to a pornography site. We also had one boy who was doing research on the white house and when he typed in the words white house it was another pornography site. It happens far too many times that children innocently type in a few words like Spice Girls to find out information about a music group and end up at an obscene internet site. I as a teacher and mother want to find a way to prevent my students from getting into the inappropriate sites while at the same time letting them explore the internet for whatever topic they may be researching . There must be some way in which we, the teachers, administration, and parents can filter out the inappropriate sites from the appropriate ones. Some teachers I work with have come up with their own solutions in regards to keeping the students away from improper sites. One teacher bookmarks all the sites he allows his students to get into. So when the students get on the computer they can only open up those sites. This may be one solution but I believe that it limits the children. Like I mentioned earlier, I'd like to find a way in which they can search however many sites they like without getting into anything bad.

Changes in economical political, legal and social factors Essay

Economic Factors During the economic growth, the automobile industry was also growing, and Ford’s business expanded rapidly, and the demand for their products increased as people could afford luxury goods. During these times, customers could afford more so Ford was bringing out newer more expensive models. During the recession, Ford sold off its subsidiaries to cut its losses. As the customers had less money, they will buy less, so Ford reduced the numbers of cars it was produced. Political Factors The government created a new scheme where people could scrap their old cars for cash, and have money for a new car. This helped Fords make a number of sales in the recession other Political factors that influence the strategic planning of Ford motor since government laws and regulations are concerned with the production of more eco-friendly automobiles. Due to the environmental concerns, the industry has to abide with the regulations aimed at reducing the pollution levels. When the recession ends, Ford’s sales will rise due to people spending their money on luxury goods that don’t affect the environment as badly. Legal Factors In the future, there will be new laws that will raise the minimum wage, which will change many pay schemes of Ford’s employees which will reduce its annual profits and may force it to change its business approach. For example, Ford may have to change its suppliers to cheaper options to combat the losses it will have due to the wage rise. Social Factors If society changed, and driving eco-friendly cars became a global trend, this would mean that Ford would have to design and produce a new model of car to join in on the profits of this trend. The problem with this is that the sales of other Ford models would suffer as they will seem old fashioned and unfriendly on the environment. To combat the losses they will get on their older models, they will cut production levels by a high a percentage of even entirely to stop the losses.

Whitman’s I Sing the Body Electric

Was it doubted that those who corrupt their own bodies conceal themselves;† Whitman's use of an interrogative tone here shows that he believes any corruption of the body is to cover up a deeper issue. Eating disorders are about deeper issues, not actually having much to do with food or weight; those things are merely a distraction from the issues buried under disordered behaviors. Other types of corruption during Whitman's time might have been premarital sex leading to pregnancy, sexual encounters with the same sex, and alcoholism. All of these are ways to have a â€Å"voice† without actually speaking.I believe that Whitman recognized using the body as an instrument of communication was a popular technique utilized by many, including himself. Whitman had a long term affair with a man, and to some he thus corrupted his body. As shown by the letters during a presentation in class, he concealed this relationship to anyone who inquired about his sexuality. The following line s speak just as strongly as the first. In my treatment center we learned that without proper care of the body, all other parts of one's being cease to exist entirely.Indeed â€Å"if the body [is] not the soul, what is the soul? † is a question I asked myself in many forms, many times. The body is the temple in which the soul, chakras, mind, intelligence, emotions, and lifeblood reside. No soul is unattached to the body. I believe that as a writer Whitman connected with his soul on a different level through his words. I have felt this connection myself when writing poetry regarding my eating disorder. Whitman's ability to write allowed him to see his body as neither male nor female , thus allowing him to see what the body is truly capable of.The body is simply a vessel that moves, breathes, eats, and sleeps. However, in Whitman's words, the body is the soul; it is something that can be corrupted or worshiped. â€Å"All things please the soul, but [the contact and odor of men and women] please the soul well. † The treatment ot a body as neither male nor temale is what is g tor the soul, according to Whitman. A body is not worthy of treating well because it has the anatomy of a male or the anatomy of a female; if the body is the soul, as Whitman says, then the body is deserving of being treated well, period.The treatment of the ody is something that is holistic, not Just a matter of treating the body with food or treating the soul with meditation. My recovery is not Just about eating the proper amount of fruits, vegetables, starches, proteins, and fats. It is also about doing what is good for my soul, and that is what Whitman means by that line. Any corruption of the body, whether it malnourishment, sexual exploitation, or anything else capable of corrupting the vessel itself, must be cured holistically. Overall, Whitman makes a claim about the body that is indeed pertinent to the present.The body is â€Å"electric† in all that it contains. T he body is more than Just skin and bone. In the words of Whitman, â€Å"O I these are not the parts and poems of the body only, but of the soul,] O I say now these are the soul! † He concludes with his notion that the body is the soul. I believe that I agree wholeheartedly with that sentiment; without acknowledging my soul, the recovery of my body would have never been possible to discontinue corrupting my body, thus discontinuing concealing myself. Recognizing my soul as intertwined with the body helped me have the most holistic recovery possible.

Environmental Issues Can Be Handled Without Compromising on Profits Research Paper

Environmental Issues Can Be Handled Without Compromising on Profits - Research Paper Example The strategic avoidance or minimal compliance with the regulations pertaining to environmental management has led the corporations to environmental pollution or degradation of the environment. The managers are usually faced with difficult situations when they have to trade-off between economic profitability and concern for the environment. However, firms can address the environmental concerns while remaining sustainable although different firms may follow a different path to achieve the objectives. Managers’ commitment to sustainable development can be a source of competitive advantage but they view strategic environmental issues as threats (Là ³pez-Gamero, Claver-Cortà ©s & Molina-Azorà ­n, 2007). It has also been found that the number of resources available to the organization as well as the size of the firm determines the firm’s orientation towards appropriate environmental initiatives. This is evident from the case of the Body Shop and its take over by L’Oreal. Body Shop is known for its ethical stand on animal testing, human rights, community trade and the environment (Glasgow, 2006). The Body Shop had been positioned as an ethical and green-conscious business, believing in fair-trade practices (Alarcon, 2008). Body Shop had been seeking financial support and when the takeover was decided, it was also agreed that Body Shop would continue to operate as an independent unit. L’Oreal is 25% owned by Nestle and is a brand in itself. While Body Sh op was dead against testing its cosmetics on animals, L’Oreal has always been doing this. L’Oreal’ has refused to sign the Compact for Safe Cosmetics – a Code of practice – that requires the removal of potential carcinogens and other toxins from beauty products (Russell, 2007).