Learning Styles Literary Review - 1726 Words

Theories and Principles of Learning (TPPL) Assignment Part A – Literature review analysing theories and principles of learning. Learning Styles A student’s individual learning style is their normal reaction to information or experiences. For example, Keefe (1979) defines learning styles as the composite of characteristic cognitive, affective, and physiological factors that serve as relatively stable indicators of how a learner perceives, interacts with, and responds to the learning environment., or more succinctly, Stewart and Felicetti (1992) define learning styles as those educational conditions under which a student is most likely to learn., as quoted in Clark (2004). The concept of learning styles is well publicised,†¦show more content†¦There are many critics of Gardner’s theory including Carroll (1993), Sternberg (1988), and Klein (1997), highlighting three areas of criticism, namely its objectivity, there appears to be no clear objective of his theory, its practicality, how can teaching be adapted for so many perceived differing intelligences, and there is no empirical data to support his arguments. There are many other theories surrounding learning styles, including Sternberg’s â€Å"Thinking Styles† (1997), which tries to understand why testing in school fails to identify true ability (1997) and many assessment tools including the Myers Briggs Type Indicator (1962) (MBTI). However, a more widely accepted concept are the Visual, Auditory and Kinaesthetic models (VAK) such as the VARK model developed by Fleming to include learners with a preference for reading and writing. Fleming (2001) claimed that visual learners think in pictures, welcoming teaching aids such PowerPoint, diagrams, and handouts, auditory learners learn through listening, tactile and kinaesthetic learners preferring experimentation, or a hands-on approach. Having an awareness of these traits allows teachers to provide lessons covering all these aspects. This model also allows students to identify with their own learning style and hence maximise theirShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Anne Beaufort s Wor ds, A Better, Product1599 Words   |  7 Pagesthe majors and beyond. In relation to the course learning outcomes, the works I have done have been majorly about Discourse, discourse communities, genres, writing expertise, research questions, and collection and analysis of qualitative data. Over the semester, I was tasked with completing several pieces of writing that would demonstrate my progress in understanding of the above mentioned topics. In order to achieve this understanding, I was to review literature from respected writing scholars, namelyRead MoreA Quantitative Style Analysis About Different English Translations Of The Captains Daughter By Alexander Pushkin1176 Words   |  5 PagesQiuying Jiang 11/03/2017 Programming for Cultural Data Analysis - Proposal A Quantitative Style Analysis about Different English Translations of the Captain’s Daughter by Alexander Pushkin Data Set The data set includes three English translations of The Captain’s Daughter (Alexander Pushkin, 1836) from Ekaterina Telfer, T. Keane and Milne Home respectively. The translation of Milne Home is downloaded from Gutenberg which is an open access project that offers free eBooks to public. The other translationsRead MoreSocial Issues And Politics : School994 Words   |  4 Pagesmind can remember the most influential sponsor in my literary development was school. Sure, my parents also influenced what I read and even taught me how to read, but school was what developed my creative literary ability. Reading is the gateway to becoming a good writer, and regardless of what the student reads, or the topic of interest, a child can apply it to their writing. My gateway was social issues and politics, I loved reading and learning more about them, therefor I also loved writing andRead MoreAnalysis Of The 17th And 17th Centuries By Ben Jonson1489 Words   |  6 PagesHis plays and his stage characters, such as Sir Fretful Plagiary, Sir Lucius O Trigger, Lydia Languish, and Mrs. Malaprop, reflect something of the scandal-ridden Anglo-Irish society of the 18th century. From that time, the word has come to mean literary theft. Plagiarism and Students With respect to student behavior, plagiarizing is a serious misdemeanor, and with the advances in data storage and retrieval, plagiarism seems to have made a student s life superficially easier. Universities allocateRead MoreSilvia Parra Dela Longa. Professor: Leslie Richardson.1404 Words   |  6 PagesLonga Professor: Leslie Richardson ENGL 2342 26 February 2017 The Style of Ernest Hemingway According to critic Robert McCrum, associate literary editor of The Observer, and writer of six novels (theguardian.com) The Sun also Rises ranks number 53 on the list of the 100 best novels of 20th century American Literature. Why does The Sun Also Rises is respected as landmark in the world of words? One of the reasons is about the writing style of Hemingway, which transformed the path of American and EnglishRead MoreReview Of Stephen King And Fast Food Nation By Eric Schlosser1334 Words   |  6 Pageseverything that we didn’t learn, or learned wrong in previous classes. While it may be only the third week of school I feel as though we have done so much in his English V honors class to help us become better readers and writers, and undo or revise our learning from previous english classes. The main focuses   in Mr. Revel’s english class so far can be split up into five different categories;   pre-course reading, grammar, vocabulary, Foster, and active reading. Our pre-course reading included On WritingRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Keeper N Me1496 Words   |  6 PagesRichard Wagamese, the award-winning author of the novel Keeper’n Me (2006) as well as various other literary pieces such as Dream Wheels (2006), Medicine Walk (2014), and Indian Horse (2012), was born in 1955 in Northwestern Ontario and is from the Wabaseemoong First Nation. Through the combination of Wagamese’s fictional writing blended with components of his personal life in Keeper’n Me specifically, the fifty-nine year old author has been recognized for this and other phenomenal works throughRead MoreAnalysis Of Mark Bowden s Black Hawk Down1651 Words   |  7 PagesExamination of all perspectives in all situations is another essential factor to success. With Bowdenâ €™s fluent change of perspective throughout the book, students grasp the importance of understanding both sides. â€Å"Bowden may have intended this writing style to emulate the battle he is writing about, which was absolute chaos on the ground† (Anderson). Switching the point of view constantly keeps students on their toes, alert, and wondering what is to come next. Although a great source for educating childrenRead More6th Grade Language Arts Observation808 Words   |  4 Pageshad just finished a literary circle unit and would now be working on a literature focus unit. While students are engaged in SSR she writes on the board to chapter and page number of the story they will be working on today. While the students work on SSR, I tour the classroom. I notice that Mrs. Jones has a very extensive word wall. The words on the wall cover genre types, the seven types of traditional fiction, and movements in literature, types of modern fiction, literary elements, and figurativeRead MoreThe Importance Of Being Earnest By Oscar Wilde1243 Words   |  5 PagesBiography An exuberant nonconformist and controversial playwright, eminent author Oscar Wilde produced critically acclaimed literary works that defined the essence of late Victorian England. Posthumously recognized for his only novel The Picture of Dorian Gray and satiric comedy The Importance of Being Earnest, Wilde initially acquired criticism for his immoral and unconventional style of writing. Additionally, to his dismay, strife followed Wilde in his personal life as he was notoriously tried and incarcerated

Prisoners Normative Reintegration into Society Essay

Normative reintegration into society and the resocialization of released prisoners has long been a prominent problem in society. With recidivism rates in the United States upwards of 69% it is quite clear that released prisoners are having difficulty readjusting and returning to normative lives in society (Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2008). Prison aims to serve retribution, incapacitate, deter, and rehabilitate offenders, but much of the research on recidivism rates criticize the idea that â€Å"prison works† (Dhami, 2006). However, it seems with so many prisoners returning to prison within a year of being released, the prison system is not providing inmates with the rehabilitation and therapy needed to function once they return to society.†¦show more content†¦Preventing prisoners from being re-arrested and serving additional time is a true priority in the United States. The maintanace of prisons can cost taxpayers upwards of $32 billion each year. States have b een spending larger sums of money on prisons than they do on education. Within the last 20 years, the quantity of money doled out to the maintenance and management of correctional facilities has increased by 570% whereas the amount spent on elementary and secondary education was increased a mere 33% (Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2010). With close to 70% of prisoners going back to jail within 1 year of their release, it is blatantly obvious that our prison systems are not providing the therapy and rehabilitation needed to help released individuals achieve successful normative reintegration into society. The high recidivism rate in the United States is an unfathomably large financial hemorrhage that is taking vital resources away from things like education, health care, and other government funded programs. Our prison systems must seek new and innovative ways to help rehabilitate criminal offenders, and give them the skills and tools they need to be successful members of society. It is imperative to explore the effectiveness of animal based therapy programs on reducing the recidivism rate, and aiding in the normative reintegration of released prisoners. With suchShow MoreRelatedImprisonment And Its Effect On Society2527 Words   |  11 Pageseffect. There are also few reliable and valid measures of future offending that allow incapacitation of the appropriate offenders, therefore limiting the potential of incapacitation. Finally, only a handful of programs have positive effects on some prisoners, thus likewise limiting the potential rehabilitative effect of imprisonment. From an economic standpoint, imprisonment is also costly and inefficient. 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Examination Code: R12630 Module Code: 6FFLK020 Date of Submission: 28/03/2013 T he majority of democratic societies recognise the right to vote as an essential human right. Despite this, there are a number of countries where leaders believe that the disenfranchisement of prisoners, merely as a result of their imprisonment, is a justified and prerequisiteRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesmachine Level 3: ‘Get the structure and systems right so that all is in balance’ Level 4: ‘The machine is alive! – well, almost’ How modernist organization theory underpins conventional understandings of the relationship between organizations and society Is bureaucracy immoral? Form fits function: how modernist organizational theory challenges the relationship between individuals, groups and the organization through bureaucracy and hierarchy The virtuous bureaucracy Modernist themes in organizationalRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 PagesCentre for Research into Sport Society, Univers ity of Leicester/ Singer Friedlander. Northcroft, J. (2003) ‘The American dream’, Sunday Times, 16 November. Northcroft, J. (2004) ‘Fergie tells Glazer to back off’, Sunday Times, 21 November. Perry, B. (2001) ‘Playing fair? Vision, values and ethics: a study of the co-existence of big business and football’, in P. Murphy (ed.), Singer and Friedlander Review, 2000–01 Season, Centre for Research into Sport Society, University of Leicester/Singer

I.T and E Commerce of Hospitality Industry Free Essays

string(84) " the latest technology at their fingertips, from fax machines to Internet services\." Introduction Here is an attempt to understand and explain the information systems which are been used and how they are useful to the company and what are the drawbacks of those systems, and also how they can try to solve those problems. Hospitality Industry is a very fast growing industry. Every organisation wants to retain and also attract new customers. We will write a custom essay sample on I.T and E Commerce of Hospitality Industry or any similar topic only for you Order Now Information technology used by the hotel is very much important and plays a major role in providing a competitive edge over the competitors. Information Technology Trends in Hospitality Hotel Industry places a great emphasis on the provision of quality service to their customers/guest. There is a great demand for information from customers and hospitality service provider so hotel industry stared adopting computer based IT facilities to enhance its operational efficiency, control and reduce costs, and improve service quality (Camison, 2000; Cobanoglu et al., 2001; Siguaw and Enz, 1999; van Hoof et al., 1996). By investing in the IT benefits the hotel by enabling the guest to have a better experience, and also the hotel staff to work more efficiently and effectively to better assist customers. Hospitality Organizations the Internet Many prime hospitality organizations such as IHG group, Marriott International, Royal Caribbean, Jurys Inn, Hyatt International, Ritz Carlton, Hilton Hotel are using internet facilities over the years and have been taking advantage of the Internet opportunity by fully implementing the latest technological systems within their organisations. A new Internet-based procurement system which is considered flexible and user friendly has been implemented by IHG group. According to the Vice President of purchasing, Steve Shamion, it is important that the system is user friendly for a chief engineer, chef, housekeeper, etc. As soon as IHG succeeded 500 hotels, it was necessary to get rid of the manual system. Their main aim was to provide a new Intranet system with a web-based provider. The goal was to implement an Intranet system with a new web-based provider. The e-mail system is currently functioning efficiently as it alerts purchasing agents to contact suppliers in every case where corporate revises a product. The new system has enabled the IHG group for excellent quality control. In this respect, IHG claims that they are able to obtain high quality products at low costs via the Internet. Marriott Hotel and resort has chosen the same Internet provider for its new procurement system. They are analyzing the mechanics of the system as well as the concept of electronic purchasing and the advantages that could be realized by Hotel. One of the key elements of this research involves the â€Å"user friendliness† of the system. Another concern is the connection factor. The system must be reliable in connecting without failure. The content is another very important requirement. The suppliers must be able to easily find products on the site. As for the overall costs involved in the implementation of such a system, it is still unclear. On a positive note, both IHG and Marriott believe that they will be able to quantify the new system’s effects right away. By tracking every purchase over the web, this will allow them to record their progress. In the long-term, as one of the first movers in the hospitality industry, the prediction is that the overall impact w ill be positive. Leicester Marriott Marriott’s operations can be grouped into the following five business segments: Full-service lodging – 65% Select-service lodging – 11% Extended-stay lodging – 5% Timeshare – 15% Synthetic fuel – 4% Marriott operates under various different brand of hotel like Full Service Lodging Marriott Hotels Resorts JW Marriott Hotels Resorts Renaissance Hotels Ritz-Carlton BULGARI Hotels Resorts Autograph Collection Hotels Resorts Edition Hotels Resorts Marriott Conference Centres Courtyard by Marriott Fairfield Inn by Marriott Spring Hill Suites by Marriott Marriott Executive Stay Residence Inn by Marriott Towne Place Suites by Marriott Marriott Executive Apartments Marriott Vacation Club International (MVCI) Marriott Grand Residence Club The Residences at the Ritz-Carlton The Ritz-Carlton Destination Club Select Service Lodging Extended Stay Lodging Timeshare Leicester Marriott Hotel Overview 227 Bedrooms Mixx Restaurant Tanners Bar Atrium Lounge 21 dedicated meeting rooms Leisure Club facilities Wireless LAN in public areas Car park – 280 onsite spaces Marriott International, Inc. is a leading global lodging company that shapes and enables its business through an ambitious program of improvements in technology. In the beginning of late 1990s, Marriott realized that to be competitive and lead the future lodging market, it had to upgrade and fully integrate two of its most crucial systems: the Marriott automated Reservation system for Hotel accommodations (MaRsHa) and Marriott’s Internet technology platform, Marriott.com. These systems, combined with Marriott’s key business and inventory applications and marketing and loyalty programs, comprise a global technology infrastructure that facilitated more than 69.5 million new reservations in 2005, averaging over 190,000 per day, while maintaining availability of better than 99.99 percent. The updated infrastructure enabled 100 percent growth in Marriott.com sales from 2003 to 2005, logged single-day sales records of nearly $14 million, and led the industry in online hot el room’s sales. In fact, Marriott’s seamless multi-brand, multi-channel integration enables the company to offer the industry’s only global rate guarantee, the Look No Further ® Best Rate Guarantee, stating that Marriott guests will always get the lowest available rate when booking through any Marriott channel worldwide. It is a remarkable success story, demonstrating how aligning investments in technology infrastructure with business vision and strategy can enable extraordinary business results and how Marriott leveraged its early investment in ecommerce to set new standards for the global lodging industry Technologies used at Marriott Hotel Company website Point Of Sale-Micros Property Management System-Opera Central Reservation System-Marsha SAP for accounting and Payroll Fire Panel Door locks CCTV Blue Cube -Time Clock (Employee attendance) Cetral Reservation System In today’s fast-paced environment, business travellers have enough to be concerned about, without worrying about hotel accommodations. And, it takes more than just hotel rooms to win in the highly competitive lodging business. Professionals want the latest technology at their fingertips, from fax machines to Internet services. You read "I.T and E Commerce of Hospitality Industry" in category "Essay examples" Central Reservation System is used to connect to the different hotels of the same group. Currently at Marriott a software called MARSHA is used. MARSHA (Marriott’s Automated Reservation System for Hotel Accommodations), according to Rinaldi. â€Å"MARSHA allows guests to call in at any property and have a reservation agent allocate and book reservations,† he explains. â€Å"The Marriott Rewards System [a point-accumulation program to earn special savings] is also kept on this system so that guests can tabulate their points.† All major airlines and trav el agencies link into MARSHA by T1 and 56-Kbps connections as well. Micros-Opera Micros-Opera is one of the famous providers of property based system in today’s hospitality industry. Its PMS interface has become a common one within the hotel industry and is used by many as a de facto standard. Consequently, many software vendors use this interface because it makes it more likely that their software will be able to connect to other vendors’ applications. Micros: MICROS 9700 HMS It is the most widely used point-of-sale solution system in the leisure and entertainment marketplace. Built on years of industry experience, the entire 9700 HMS product suite is technology independent, running on MS SQL, Oracle, and Multiple Windows platforms. All 9700 HMS modules are web-delivered and enterprise enabled, making them easy to use while reducing total cost of ownership. 9700 HMS has proven installations ranging from small, specialized operations to large enterprise configurations spanning multiple properties in large geographic areas. Whether you operate one restaurant or hundreds, 9700 HMS has the functionality to meet your needs. Problems with Micros 1) When the systems crashes down then the checks has to be manually posted which is like duplication of work and time, there are even discrepancies sometimes and in that the company loses the revenue. 2)If there is a crash, it needs to be done by the help of a main server computer. But if the problem prevails there is a need to contact the vendor for his service. 3)The micros system sometimes get frozen which affect the overall performance of the server and the team. Difficulty Because Marriott involves representatives from every part of the company in all new initiatives from the very beginning, the company is spared many of the â€Å"growing pains† typically found when implementing large, global infrastructure projects. The company’s business and marketing managers are technologically fluent and worked closely with the Information Resources and ecommerce departments throughout the process of upgrading and integrating the reservations system and Web presence. There were, however, two key challenges Marriott faced in its MaRsHa and Marriott.com implementations: availability and scalability. Knowing that Marriott solutions have to be developed, implemented and rolled-out in a 24/7 global business environment, extra attention was paid to maintaining the reliability and availability of ongoing operations. This was a critical factor in the MaRsHa upgrade, since the reservations system is literally the life’s blood of the company. Marrio tt also upgraded both MaRsHa and Marriott.com with leading-edge scalability to support both current and future transaction volumes, and the systems have performed without data loss even as transactions have grown 400 percent over five years. Marriott’s early commitment to high-performance processing, scalable storage and business continuity made the transition to an integrated reservations/Web solution error-free.Marriott also took great care in test and development before moving new functionality into the global production environment. eMc’s advanced business continuity software supports the company’s robust testing capabilities, providing an up-to-date replicated copy of the MaRsHa production environment, which facilitates quality assurance, testing and development, without introducing any production performance degradation. Marriott also creates business continuance volumes (BcVs) from the replicated production data, which are used by developers, for examp le, to test database applications without affecting either the production or main test systems. The BcVs enable the creation of more robust development environments, better developer throughput, and the ability to go beyond normal functional testing to bring complex test environments to production and ultimately to market more quickly Conclusions Recommendations Now is the time for hospitality companies to take advantage of the opportunities available in creating a new value added customized online travel shopping experience for customers. The ultimate trend calls for something comparable to the shopping-bot. For those who are not familiar with the shop-bot concept, it is meant exclusively for online clothing shoppers who prefer to have a personal agent. Similar to the shop-bot, the future of the Internet in the travel industry will provide a travel bot who will play the hand-holding travel agent for those that require the most guidance in arranging their travel plans.This travel bot will create a custom experience that suits the particular customer needs offering a range of services including hotel rooms, restaurant tables, airline seats, and rental cars. The travel bot will provide advice and recommendations as currently found on GDSs. It is important to take a look at how Internet technology will affect the future of the tourism industry. Most IT tools are being utilized. However, there is still much room for improvement in speed, reliability, and adaptation to new technologies. It is crucial for companies to take advantage of the Internet before the competition. A solid RD function is one of the elements in this process. It is pertinent to study the customers and their businesses by encouraging them to fill out a customer’s profile form on the web. It is important to consider how technological drivers will influence changes. Many traditional small and large players in the industry are having a difficult time adjusting to the changes involved in switching to a full IT based strategy.This is mainly due to the extent to which the Internet changes how hospitality services and amenities are delivered. It further alters the organizational structures within hospitality companies and modifies the interaction of the customer and service provider. The hospitality tourism internet future suggests a universal system where property management systems will eliminate the need for expensive on-site computer hardware/software. The maintenance problems relating to breakdowns, backups, and upgrades will be resolved in an easy efficient manner. The Internet will control all transactions involving credit card authorization, travel agent commissions, and point of sale transactions. This will result in fewer problems, a decrease in staff and an increase in profits. The typical hotel guest will have the option of selecting movies, games, software, shopping and information through voice communication and data/video, all available at a low cost. Future success for hospitality tourism companies depends upon their abilities to identify a target market and the strategic opportunities available for survival and growth. If data is managed properly, the technology can assist hoteliers and restaurateurs in projecting the lifetime value of guests, creating increased loyalty, resulting in an increase in market share. The process of mass production has never been accepted in the tourism industry; therefore customized services are a must for survival. Today’s computer world allows for mass customization in pricing, location, and amenities to a more knowledge-based format. In this case, marketing and IT departments must work closely toward a merger of core competencies.The drive toward e-commerce success includes a plan to track surfing and consumption habits such as the buyers, payers, and the return visitors. Independent consultants are available to provide this data efficiently and confidentially. It is crucial for hospitality tourism organizations to stay on top of the roles of the major online players that are posing a serious threat to the industry such as Travelocity, Priceline, Expedia, Yahoo, etc. Their role in the future of hospitality tourism marketing is crucial to the survival of Hoteliers. Hospitality tourism organizations might want to look into the potential of becoming one of the first movers to join the dot com craze. The already established loyal customer base will allow hospitality tourism organizations to have an upper-hand over general online threats. The customized travel bot could provide the ultimate travel experience of a lifetime for customers in adding the most value, thus allowing first movers in the industry to gain an overall competitive advantage. Bibliography E-Commerce in Hospitality Tourism. 2011. E-Commerce in Hospitality Tourism. [ONLINE] Available at: http://gonzales.com.sg/techno.html. [Accessed 12 Feb 2011]. Marriott International’s Accommodating Network – Network Computing. 2011. Marriott International’s Accommodating Network – Network Computing. [ONLINE] Available at:http://www.networkcomputing.com/909/909centerfoldtext.html. [Accessed 21 Feb 2011] Point of Sale Software Enterprise Information System. 2011. Point of Sale Software Enterprise Information System. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.micros.com/. [Accessed 18 Feb 2011] Technology Jargon Buster – 8/31/2005 – Caterer Search. 2011. Technology Jargon Buster – 8/31/2005-CatererSearch .[ONLINE]Available at :http://www.caterersearch.com/Articles/2005/08/31/302345/Technology-Jargon-Buster.htm. [Accessed 12 Feb 2011]http://www.marriot.com/ Marriott Global Source. 2011. Marriott Global Source. [ONLINE] Available at:http://mgs.marriott.com/index.html. [Accessed 16 Feb 2011] How to cite I.T and E Commerce of Hospitality Industry, Essay examples

Images of Life in 1984 Essay Example For Students

Images of Life in 1984 Essay Pictures and posters on every corner, reminding citizens of Oceania that Big Brother is always watching them. (p4) A cold, dark world. I.e.) Down in the street little eddies of wind were whirling dust and torn paper into spirals, and though the sun was shining and the sun a harsh blue, there seemed to be no colour in anything, except the posters that were plastered everywhere. (p4) Helicopters skimming down between the roofs, a sign of the police patrol, snooping into peoples windows. (p4) Rocket bombs exploding in London with dull, reverberating roars. (p28) Horrible living conditions. I.e.) Never quite enough to eat, one never had socks or underclothes that were not full of holes, furniture had always been bad and rickety, rooms underheated, tube trains crowded, houses falling to pieces, bread dark-coloured nothing cheap and plentiful. (p63) Decaying, dingy cities where underfed people shuffled to and fro in leaky shoes, in patched-up nineteenth-century houses that smelt always of cabbage and bad lavatories. (p77) Bombs dropped on playgrounds with several dozen children blown to pieces. (p156) Amid the decaying buildings in London, during Hate Week, there is singing, banners, dancing, speeches, drums, trumpets, marching, posters, and films. The world today is a bare, hungry, dilapidated place (p196) Each Party member has a telescreen within their home that monitors and scrutinizes each and every move they make. It cannot be turned off. Forced to wear an expression of quiet optimism when facing the telescreen. Had to wear blue overalls, the uniform of the Party. Given a small amount of coupons to trade in for clothing, food, etc. They are constantly under the watch of the Thought Police. Not much food to eat in their homes. Forbidden to enter ordinary shops, however they were forced to do so due to a lack of necessities such as razor blades and shoelaces. Forced to participate in the Two Minutes Hate (p13): Began with a hideous, grinding screech Face of Emmanuel Goldstein, the Enemy of the People, flashed onto the screen Goldstein then delivered usual venomous attack upon the doctrine of the Party, denouncing the dictatorship of the Party (p14). Party members then broke out in rages and leap up and down, ending by chanting B- B,B- B. They were always being watched for symptoms of unorthodoxy (p26). Each morning, they awoke to an ear- piercing whistle (p33) from the telescreen. They were then prompted to take part in various exercises from an instructor on the telescreen. When doing these exercises, known as Physical Jerks, they could never show any dismay or resentment (p39). Party members worked in one of the four ministries: Minitrue, Minipax, Miniluv, or Miniplenty. Main character in 1984, Winston Smith, worked in Minitrue. His job was to rectify (p40) history. Other co- workers did not speak with each other. The Party members were brainwashed into believing anything that the Party told them to believe. This was achieved through doublethink. They believed what the Party told them even though they knew that the opposite of what was being told to them was true as well. The result of the use of doublethink on Party members caused their quality of life to decrease. The Party lied to them, telling them that the quality of life was increasing, even though they knew it was decreasing. Although they knew the truth, they were forced to believe what the Party told them (p62). .u3c74ac750cade7ca57fb76692dcaffcf , .u3c74ac750cade7ca57fb76692dcaffcf .postImageUrl , .u3c74ac750cade7ca57fb76692dcaffcf .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3c74ac750cade7ca57fb76692dcaffcf , .u3c74ac750cade7ca57fb76692dcaffcf:hover , .u3c74ac750cade7ca57fb76692dcaffcf:visited , .u3c74ac750cade7ca57fb76692dcaffcf:active { border:0!important; } .u3c74ac750cade7ca57fb76692dcaffcf .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3c74ac750cade7ca57fb76692dcaffcf { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3c74ac750cade7ca57fb76692dcaffcf:active , .u3c74ac750cade7ca57fb76692dcaffcf:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3c74ac750cade7ca57fb76692dcaffcf .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3c74ac750cade7ca57fb76692dcaffcf .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3c74ac750cade7ca57fb76692dcaffcf .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3c74ac750cade7ca57fb76692dcaffcf .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3c74ac750cade7ca57fb76692dcaffcf:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3c74ac750cade7ca57fb76692dcaffcf .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3c74ac750cade7ca57fb76692dcaffcf .u3c74ac750cade7ca57fb76692dcaffcf-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3c74ac750cade7ca57fb76692dcaffcf:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Teen suicide - Essay Party members could not possess memories (p62). Everyone lived in horrible conditions (p62). Could not trust anybody in fear that they would report you to the Thought Police and have you vaporized (p65). This held true within families as well. Could not let your thoughts wander in public places or in front of telescreens because facial features may not be perfectly under control (p65). Women who worked for the Party never painted their faces and never used scent (p67). Winston described his daily life as slogging through dreary jobs, fighting for a place on the Tube, darning a worn-out sock, cadging a saccharine tablet, and saving a cigarette end (p77). Day and night the telescreens bruised your ears with statistics that people today were better off than the filthy people of fifty years ago (p77). The Party told its members to reject the evidence of their eyes and ears (p84). Party members could not do anything that suggested a liking for solitude (p85). They were expected to be at the Community Center or participating in some kind of communal recreation (p85) in their spare time. It was dangerous to have an ownlife which, in Newspeak, referred to individualism and eccentricity. Winston constantly escaped the horrible world he was living in through his Victory Cigarettes and his Victory Gin (p107). Bibliography: